Search results: (10000)
News How to Communicate and Receive an Oncological Diagnosis
Communicating the truth to a patient about their health condition does not have a very long tradition in the Czech Republic. The Czech healthcare system started emphasizing this aspect, i.e., honest and open communication between doctor and patient, several years after the Velvet Revolution.
News Drops with Liposomal Ozonized Oil Reduce Ocular Microbial Burden Before Cataract Surgery
The periocular zone and conjunctiva are characterized by high microbial activity. Therefore, it is important to reduce this bacterial burden as part of preoperative prophylaxis before surgery to minimize the risk of infection. The aim of the study presented below, conducted in 20 Italian centers, was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of a new ocular solution in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
News Benefit of Adding Panitumumab to Maintenance Therapy in mCRC with Non-mutated RAS Oncogene
PANAMA was the first randomized study evaluating the addition of an anti-EGFR antibody to maintenance therapy with fluorouracil and folic acid (FU/FA) in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with a non-mutated (wt − wild-type) RAS oncogene. The results suggest that upon achieving disease control after initial treatment with FOLFOX + panitumumab, the combination of panitumumab with FU/FA might be the most suitable for maintenance therapy.
News Innovative Form of Levothyroxine Ensures Accurate Dosing for Patients
In the treatment of hypothyroidism, precise dosing of replacement therapy is critical. An innovative formulation of levothyroxine has been developed to meet the updated, stricter standards of regulatory authorities, thereby ensuring the desired therapeutic effect.
News Treatment with Osimertinib in Patients with NSCLC After Disease Progression on Previous Therapy – Case Study
We present a case study of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proven activating mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, who developed resistance to the first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) gefitinib during treatment. After the secondary mutation EGFR T790M was confirmed, osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR TKI, was introduced, resulting in disease regression, which is ongoing. This case study illustrates the significance of the role of osimertinib in the treatment of patients with NSCLC with an activating EGFR mutation, whose disease progresses during treatment with first and second-generation EGFR TKIs due to the emergence of the secondary EGFR T790M mutation.
News How TPO-RA Drugs Fared in Meta-Analyses of Safety and Efficacy in ITP Patients
Meta-analyses regarding the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) evaluated their efficacy and safety in the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia over long-term follow-ups. What findings did they uncover?
News Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia: Choice of TPO Mimetics in Clinical Practice
Real-world data show that the administration of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in immune thrombocytopenia leads to a high percentage of treatment responses, and in some patients, it is possible to achieve a stable response without the need for further treatment after discontinuation.
News Use of Targeted Therapy with Dupilumab in Patients with Allergic Diseases
Interleukins (IL) 4 and 13 play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Their blockade is therefore a suitable strategy for a number of these conditions. This is offered by the new monoclonal antibody dupilumab (Dupixent), which is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma with type 2 inflammation, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Studies are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy in other diseases where type 2 inflammation predominates.
News Clinical Characteristics of Trauma Patients Requiring Dosing Adjustments of Enoxaparin in TEN Prevention
Injuries and trauma surgical procedures represent a significant risk factor for the development of thromboembolic disease (TEN). Routine thromboprophylaxis is thus recommended for trauma patients, often in the form of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), including enoxaparin. A recently published study evaluated factors associated with the need for higher dosing of enoxaparin to achieve effective prophylactic levels.
News Stable Position of Micronized Diosmin in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Hemorrhoids
Diosmin is a flavonoid used in Europe as a venotonic and vasoprotective agent for over 40 years. Significant progress has been made in medicine during this time, yet the role of diosmin in the treatment of venous insufficiency and hemorrhoidal disease remains important. Diosmin itself has also evolved, being micronized for better biological availability and showing significant effects on the vascular system according to research.
News Is It Better to Switch or Cycle in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
The ideal strategy for treating rheumatoid arthritis is still the subject of research. We therefore present the results of a recent study comparing the impact of various therapeutic options when biological treatment is ineffective.
News Untreated Bleeding in Hemophilia A – An Underestimated Problem? To What Extent?
How common is bleeding in hemophilia A that ultimately goes untreated? This was the focus of a recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Hemostasis.
News Treatment with Dupilumab in Severe Corticosteroid-Dependent Bronchial Asthma – A Case Study
We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with severe corticosteroid-dependent asthma with numerous comorbidities and complications due to long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy. Significant improvements in quality of life, asthma control, regression of skin changes in atopic dermatitis, and reduction in methylprednisolone consumption for this patient were only achieved after the initiation of biological treatment. Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody against the α subunit of the receptor for interleukins IL-4 and IL-13, which is approved for the treatment of severe refractory eosinophilic bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, was indicated in her treatment.
News Effectiveness of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Real-World Clinical Practice
One of the new modalities for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is tofacitinib. Its effectiveness has already been demonstrated in clinical studies and is now being proven in real-world clinical practice, where we can evaluate the results of patients who could not be included in clinical trials or those with refractory disease.
News Modern Techniques and MRI Markers in Multiple Sclerosis Imaging or How to Increase Specificity and Sensitivity of Examinations
MRI is a key component in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, despite significant progress in imaging methods, specificity is still not optimal. The current trend is to refine and clearly define MRI criteria for diagnosing multiple sclerosis and distinguishing it from MS-mimicking white matter lesions.
News New Hematological Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Sepsis
Sepsis is one of the leading causes of mortality and healthcare expenditure worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of septic conditions improve patient prognosis. However, the initial symptoms of sepsis can be difficult to distinguish from other acute conditions due to similar symptomatology. The results of the study presented below indicate that a new hematological biomarker has the potential to facilitate the early diagnosis of sepsis.
News Biochemotherapy of Aggressive Rectal Carcinoma – A Case Study from the Czech Republic
Colorectal cancer arises from a complex interplay of environmental and lifestyle factors complemented by hereditary factors. Nowadays, it represents not only a health concern but also a socioeconomic problem. It is the second most common malignant tumor in both sexes; fortunately, its incidence and mortality have been decreasing in recent years. Due to expanding and more accurately targeted treatment options and good patient care management, it is also possible to better manage more aggressive and previously difficult-to-treat forms of the disease, as demonstrated by the following case study from the Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News What affects the elimination of bisoprolol in diabetics and patients with acute coronary syndrome?
Beta-blockers are widely used to reduce cardiovascular (CV) risk in a number of diseases. However, information about the pharmacokinetics of these drugs is still far from complete. Two studies focused on the population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) of bisoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and we summarize their conclusions.
News Increase in Thyroid Cancer Incidence Due to the Coronavirus Pandemic?
According to available data, COVID-19 disease does not worsen the course of thyroid cancer. However, the restriction of medical care during the pandemic is associated with concern about an increase in the incidence of this malignant disease and the associated morbidity and mortality.
News EAHAD 2024: Fresh results of paradigm5 and 6 studies confirm safety and efficacy of N9-GP
Nonacog beta pegol (N9-GP) is a recombinant factor IX with an extended half-life. Its properties allow for the maintenance of a satisfactorily high level of FIX with intravenous application once a week. At the 17th Annual Congress of the European Association for Haemophilia and Allied Disorders (EAHAD), held in early February 2024 in Frankfurt, new findings on this treatment were presented during a satellite symposium by Novo Nordisk.
News Dabigatran Etexilate in the Treatment of Acute Thromboembolic Disease in Children
Until now, standard anticoagulants such as low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin and others have been used in pediatric patients for the treatment of thromboembolism. The study presented below aimed to determine whether dabigatran could be the drug of the future in the treatment of pediatric patients with thromboembolism.
News HVD 2023: Cervical Cancer May Be the First Eliminated Malignancy. What Paths Will Lead to This Goal in the Czech Republic?
Cervical cancer is the 3rd most common cancer among women aged 15–44. Annually, it is diagnosed in 750–800 women in our country, and every 29 hours, one woman dies from it in the Czech Republic. However, it could become the first oncological disease that can be eliminated. How to achieve this was discussed by the chairman of the Czech Vaccinological Society ČLS JEP and Dean of the Faculty of Military Medicine at the University of Defense in Hradec Králové, Prof. MUDr. Roman Chlíbek, Ph.D., at a symposium supported by MSD during the October XVIII. Hradec Vaccinology Days (HVD).
News Current Recommendations of the American Society of Hematology for the Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease and Duration of Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Major Surgery
At the end of 2019, new recommendations were published by the American Society of Hematology (ASH) for the prevention of thromboembolic disease (VTE) in hospitalized patients. The new guidelines also addressed the duration of VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing major surgical procedures.