Bone formation in renal tumors – unraveling the mystery
Authors:
V. Singh; R. J. Sinha
Published in:
Urol List 2016; 14(1): 9-12
Overview
Background:
Bone formation in kidney tumour is rare phenomenon. Calcification has been reported in wide variety of benign or malignant renal masses such as renal cell carcinoma, cystic renal diseases (with or without carcinoma), xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, Wilms’ tumour, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and/or transitional cell carcinoma. In this present review, we summarise the proposed theories for bone formation, clinical presentation of such patients, influence of ossification and bone formation on the overall prognosis.
Material and Methods:
We reviewed the literature on bone formation in renal tumours using PubMed® and other sources from 1931 till date and selected the manuscripts which seemed most relevant to this topic.
Results:
As per our knowledge, approximately 75 cases of renal mass with bone formation have been reported in literature. Approximately 10% of renal masses have calcifications. These tumours present in a manner similar to renal cell carcinoma or transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Approximately 20% of all calcified renal masses are malignant. Dull aching flank pain, painless hematuria and/or renal lump are the usual presentations. Majority of renal tumours with bone formation are clear cell carcinoma followed by transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and few adult Wilm’s tumours have been reported.
Conclusion:
Bone formation in renal tumours is an interesting but baffling phenomenon. In order to know more about this phenomenon, a multicentre format for research is needed.
Key words:
kidney neoplasms, osteogenesis, prognosis
Sources
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