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proLékaře.cz / Journals / Nuclear Medicine / 2021 - 3

Hyperparathyroidism

Czech version

Authors: Daniela Chroustová;  David Zogala
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav nukleární medicíny, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice v Praze, ČR
Published in: NuklMed 2021;10:42-51
Category: Review Article

Overview

Hyperparatyreóza (HPT) je poměrně časté endokrinní onemocnění, nejčastěji se vyskytuje jako primární (PHPT), která zaujímá třetí místo podle výskytu endokrinních chorob. Hlavním projevem choroby je nadměrná tvorba parathormonu (PTH) se současně se zvětšujícími příštítnými tělísky (PT). Vyskytuje se v několika formách, a to při patologických stavech majících příčinu v samotných PT, či sekundárně při poruchách kalciového metabolismu. V určování diagnózy jsou kromě anamnestických dat prioritní výsledky biochemických hodnot. K nejdůležitějším patří hladiny imunoreaktivního PTH (iPTH) v plazmě a hodnoty Ca a P v séru, dále základní biochemické hodnoty funkce ledvin, pankreatu, event. kostního metabolismu. Diagnóza se rovněž opírá o nálezy zobrazovacích technik, k základním vyšetřením se řadí sonografie a scintigrafie. Na základě shrnutí laboratorních výsledků a nálezů zobrazovacích technik je indikována chirurgická nebo konzervativní terapie.

V posledních letech se výrazně zlepšila péče o pacienty s HPT. Jistě k tomu přispěly i možnosti přesnější lokalizace hyperprodukující tkáně PT pomocí zobrazovacích metod, které jsou vodítkem k výběru nejefektivnějšího a nejšetrnějšího operačního řešení. Tento souhrnný článek s potřebnými informacemi týkajícími se hyperparatyreózy, je určen především pro kolegy v předatestační přípravě.

Keywords:

hyperparathyroidism – imaging procedures – review

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Pracoviště nukleární medicíny Institut klinické a experimentální medicíny Praha 4
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