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proLékaře.cz / Journals / Internal Medicine / 2019 - 2

Secondary immunodeficiency as a consequence of chronic diseases

Czech version

Authors: Zita Chovancová
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav klinické imunologie a alergologie LF MU a FN u sv. Anny v Brně
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2019; 65(2): 117-124
Category:

Overview

Secondary immunodeficiencies (SID) represents heterogeneous group of acquired impairment of immune system function with diverse etiology. It is mostly a combined disorder of both humoral and cellular component of the innate and adaptive immune response. SID occurs mainly in adulthood. Among the most important causes of SID development belong diabetes mellitus, impairment of liver and kidney functions, protein-energy malnutrition, splenic defects and immunosenescence. These deficiencies of immunity are clinically manifested by an increased frequency or unusual complications of common infections and occasionally by the occurrence of opportunistic infections. Diagnostic procedure is based on blood count and differential leukocyte count, biochemical examination, including determination of total protein and albumin concentrations, and biochemical urine analysis to eliminate protein losses. If clinically significant secondary defect of the immune system is suspected, immunological examination is indicated. Patients with clinical symptoms of SID can be treated with prophylactic antibiotic therapy, vaccination, substitution immunoglobulin therapy, or by immune system modifiers.

Keywords:

hyposplenism – immunosenescence – malnutrition – renal function impairment – secondary immunodeficiency

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Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicine
Defensive and damaging inflammation: basic characteristics
IL-1 family cytokines in chronic inflammatory disorders
Heterogeneity of lymphocytes as central operating units of the immune system
Microbiota, immunity and immunologically-mediated diseases
Primary immunodeficiencies in adults
Treatment of antibody immunodeficiency
Adverse effects of immunoglobulin therapy
Current trends in immunosuppressive treatment
The role of allergology in internal medicine today and vice versa
Anaphylactic symptoms and anaphylactic shock
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Internal Medicine

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2019 Issue 2
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