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Fats – metaanalyses, new recommended rations, news in legislation 2009/2010


Authors: J. Brát 1;  J. Dostálová 2;  O. Herber 3
Authors‘ workplace: Vím, co jím a piju o. p. s., Předseda správní rady: Robert Svoboda 1;  VŠCHT Praha, Ústav chemie a analýzy potravin, Vedoucí ústavu: Prof. Ing. Jana Hajšlová, CSc. 2;  Ústav všeobecného lékařství 1. LF UK, Praha, Přednosta: doc. MUDr. Bohumil Seifert, Ph. D. 3
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2011; 91(2): 91-95
Category: Of different specialties

Overview

Discussion of the importance and usefulness of fat are often misleading. Eating fat carries some negatives, but it might have a positive impact too. Considering proper diet composition we cannot do without it. It depends on the quantities consumed. The optimal amount can be found in international recommendations. The authors discuss the positive and negative beliefs about fat and point out that not fat, but reduced physical activity of present population leads to an increase in obesity. They also emphasize that cardiovascular disease is significantly influenced by the consumption of saturated and trans-fatty acids.

Part of this article is a comparison of studies and views on the recommended daily doses of nutrients.

It aims to clarify the knowledge of nutrition, which is taken into legislation also, such as that published in 2006 – Regulation on nutritive and health statements

Key words:
polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated and trans-fatty, polyunsaturated fatty acids.


Sources

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2. CIAA 2009. CIAA values and rationale for the additional set of GDAs [on-line]. Dostupné na http://www.ciaa.eu.

3. Dostálová, J., Hrubý, S., Turek, B. Výživová doporučení pro obyvatelstvo ČR 2004 [on-line]. Dostupné na http://www.vyzivaspol.cz/rubrika-dokumenty/konecne-zneni-vyzivovych-do­poru­ceni.html.

4. EFSA. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Dietetic products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from European Commission on the review of labelling reference intake values for selected nutritional elements. EFSA Journal 2009, 1008, p. 1-3.

5. EFSA. Scientific opinion on Dietary Reference Values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and cholesterol. EFSA Journal 2010, 8(3), p.1-107.

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7. Joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on fat and fatty acids in human nutrition. Interim summary of conclusions and dietary recommendations on total fat and fatty acids. Dostupné na http:// www.who.int/nutrition/topics/FFA_summary_rec_ conclusion.pdf.

8. Mensink, R.P., Katan, M.B. Effects of dietary fatty on serum lipids and lipoproteins. A meta-analysis of 27 trials. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1992, 12, p. 911-919.

9. Mensink, R.P., Zock, P.L., Kester, A.D., Katan, M.B. Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: A meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2003, 77(5), p. 1146-1155.

10. Mozaffarian, D., Micha, R., Wallace, S. Effects on coronary heart disease of increasing polyunsaturated fat in place of saturated fat: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS Med. 2010, 7(3), e1000252.

11. Sacks, F.M., Katan, M. Randomized clinical trials on the effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on plasma lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Med. 2002, 113, suppl 9B, p. 13S-24S.

12. Siri-Tarino, P.W., Sun, Q., Hu, F.B., Krauss, R.M. Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies evaluating the association of saturated fat with cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2010, 91(3), p. 535-546.

13. Stanley, J.C. Should we be concerned about the dietary omega-6: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio? Lipid. Technol. 2007, 19, p. 112-113.

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