Procedural Pain in the Newborn: Possible Prevention and Mitigation
Authors:
J. Macko
Authors‘ workplace:
Novorozenecké oddělení, Krajská nemocnice Tomáše Bati, a. s., Zlín
primář MUDr. J. Macko
Published in:
Čes-slov Pediat 2010; 65 (10): 584-591.
Category:
Review
Overview
International Association for Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain in 1973 as an unpleasant sensorial or emotional experience, connected with immediate or expected damage of tissue or described on the basis of this damage. Pain is a subjectively perceived and expressed experience. This definition is not adoptable for preverbal subjects and is hardly to apply it for neonates.
Anand and Graig published in 1996 a different definition, which is applicable for newborns. Pain is hereditary quality of life, expressed postnatally and serving as a signal system for tissue damage.
Pharmacological prevention of pain is well defined, whereas non-pharmacological prevention is now the dominant a preferred method for procedural pain. It comprises behavioral (sucrose application, sensorial stimulation) and environmental (minimal handling, lights and noise reduction in NICU) procedures. Sensorial saturations seems to be promising for the future, being presently the predominant method of NIDCAP activity.
Key words:
pain, stress, pain scale, procedural pain, prevention, NICU, NIDCAP (Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program), intracranial pressure (ICP), necrotizing enterocolitis
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Labels
Neonatology Paediatrics General practitioner for children and adolescentsArticle was published in
Czech-Slovak Pediatrics
2010 Issue 10
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