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News Cognitive changes in MS – what can teriflunomide do?
In Phase III clinical trials, teriflunomide demonstrated its ability to slow down brain tissue atrophy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). What impact did the treatment have on the cognitive state of these patients?
News Prophylaxis with Rurioctocog Alfa Pegol in Severe Hemophilia A
Rurioctocog alfa pegol represents a modern modality for the treatment of hemophilia from the group of factors with an extended half-life. The authors of a systematic review and meta-analysis published last year assessed its efficacy and safety in patients previously treated for hemophilia A.
News Efficacy of Luspatercept in 1st Line Treatment of Anemia Due to Low-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome
A planned interim analysis of the COMMANDS study showed a greater benefit of the innovative treatment with luspatercept compared to the established treatment with epoetin alfa in patients with anemia due to low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and untreated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA). The results were published in June 2023 in the journal Lancet.
News 6 Years Follow-Up of Patients with Breast Cancer in the APHINITY Study
The primary analysis of results from the APHINITY clinical trial supported the combined anti-HER2 treatment with trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer. At the end of last year, efficacy and safety results of this treatment after more than 6 years of follow-up were presented.
News Teriflunomide "under the microscope" or what it's like to live with MS in the North
The Teri-LIFE study examined teriflunomide very comprehensively. How does it manage to affect the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) according to data from real clinical practice in the Nordic countries? What is adherence to this therapy like? And what are its health-economic consequences? We briefly summarize the answers to these questions.
News One Step Closer to Understanding the Placebo Effect in Pain Treatment
Neuroscientists from the USA appear to have advanced our understanding of the placebo effect in pain relief. Their findings, recently published in Nature, open the possibility of influencing the described pain control pathway using drugs or neurostimulation.
News Biochemotherapy of Aggressive Rectal Carcinoma – A Case Study from the Czech Republic
Colorectal cancer arises from a complex interplay of environmental and lifestyle factors complemented by hereditary factors. Nowadays, it represents not only a health concern but also a socioeconomic problem. It is the second most common malignant tumor in both sexes; fortunately, its incidence and mortality have been decreasing in recent years. Due to expanding and more accurately targeted treatment options and good patient care management, it is also possible to better manage more aggressive and previously difficult-to-treat forms of the disease, as demonstrated by the following case study from the Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News Current Options and Prospects for Effective Antiemetic Treatment in an Effort to Increase Adherence of Oncological Patients to Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is strongly associated with treatment in the minds of many oncology patients, and its occurrence is rated as one of the most dreaded and stressful complications. For most patients, adherence to recommendations for antiemetic prophylaxis can successfully prevent the occurrence of CINV. A review article published last year by an international team of authors in the journal Future Oncology provides an overview of the current spectrum of options in CINV prophylaxis, focusing on the first combined preparation in this indication, containing the active substances netupitant and palonosetron.
News Current ASH Guidelines on ITP Management 2019 – Recommendations for Newly Diagnosed ITP in Children
At the end of 2019, the American Society of Hematology (ASH) published current guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), in which a panel of experts attempted to define evidence-based recommendations for the care management of these patients.
News Safe Long-term Treatment of Nasal Symptoms in Patients with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
In persistent allergic rhinitis, achieving symptom control is often difficult despite pharmacological treatment and minimizing contact with the allergen. Good efficacy in clinical studies has been shown with combined therapy of intranasal antihistamines with locally acting corticosteroids. The presented study evaluated the long-term safety profile and efficacy of a fixed combination of olopatadine with mometasone.
News Benefit of Adding Empagliflozin to Standard Therapy in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
The use of empagliflozin led to a reduction in the risk of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular (CV) causes in the EMPEROR-Reduced study in patients with adequately treated heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) compared to placebo, regardless of whether the patients had diabetes. A post hoc analysis of this study focused on another important question: how does the benefit of adding empagliflozin interact with the standard disease-modifying therapy for heart failure?
News Efficacy of Bisoprolol in Patients After Acute MI with LV Systolic Dysfunction
What impact does one year of bisoprolol use have in real-world practice on heart rate, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, or lipid profile in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD)? This was investigated by the authors of a study whose results were published last year.
News Erlotinib in Conditions of Routine Clinical Practice
The patient population in clinical trials is always somewhat selected. Only a well-conducted analysis of real-world clinical practice data can provide a clearer picture of the efficacy and safety of a drug. Therefore, we are currently witnessing a significant development in this type of clinical research, for example, in the form of nationwide cohort studies. How did erlotinib perform in one of them for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer?
News Augmentation of Clozapine with Lurasidone in Resistant Schizophrenia in Real Practice
Treatment-resistant schizophrenia remains a clinical and pharmacological challenge. Clozapine remains the gold standard in these cases. Unfortunately, a significant portion of patients respond only partially to it. The solution is often an augmentation strategy with another atypical antipsychotic. According to current findings, adjunctive therapy with lurasidone appears promising — two recently published studies have brought interesting data.
News Risk Factors and Therapy of Chronic Leg Ulcers Lasting More Than 6 Months
The therapy of chronic leg ulcers in diabetics continues to be a significant challenge for attending physicians and surgeons. Authors of a recently published study have addressed the risk factors, clinical symptoms, and, last but not least, the therapy outcomes of chronic leg ulcers lasting more than 6 months.
News Trazodone in the Treatment of Depressive Disorder – A Case Study
Presented by MUDr. Sylva Racková, Ph.D. Psychiatric Clinic, Plzeň
News New Era in Migraine Therapy
Migraine is the most common type of primary headache. It affects about 10% of the world population. Recurring migraine attacks significantly reduce quality of life. Therefore, research in pharmacotherapy in recent years has logically focused on preventing attacks. The result is the latest possibility of biological treatment for migraines using monoclonal antibodies against CGRP receptors.
News Selecting from the Red Book CHS: What's New in This Year's Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of CLL?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common lymphoid malignancy in adults in Europe and North America. However, this field is experiencing very dynamic developments, both in terms of diagnosis and therapy. The biggest changes have occurred in treatment regimens, and recommendations for the therapy of relapsed or refractory CLL have also changed. Innovations have also emerged in prognostic examinations. As part of the update to the 'Red Book' by the Czech Hematological Society ČLS JEP (CHS), fresh recommendations concerning this disease were published in October 2023.
News ESC 2022: Initiating Gliflozin in HFpEF During Hospitalization Can Benefit the Patient. This is Also Evidenced by Experience from the USA
Based on evidence from clinical studies, gliflozins are currently being introduced into practice for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) as early as hospitalization. Sharing experiences is therefore very valuable. Several symposia at the ESC 2022 congress focused on the issue of introducing these drugs into HF treatment, some of which also included illustrative case studies. For example, the case of a patient with HFpEF from the USA demonstrated the early initiation of empagliflozin during hospitalization.
News The Benefit of Liposomal Irinotecan in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer in a Young Patient – A Case Study
Pancreatic tumors continue to be a challenge in modern oncology. Due to the asymptomatic nature of early stages, most cases are diagnosed in advanced stages. The five-year survival rate of patients does not even reach 10%, and up to half of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer never make it to the second line of systemic therapy due to the rapid deterioration of their overall clinical condition. In a case study from her own practice, Dr. Marie Beneš Kočová from the Oncology Department of České Budějovice Hospital shared her experience with the treatment of a relatively early-detected disease in a young patient.
News What Did the Patent for the Synthesis of Highly Purified Trazodone Bring?
Trazodone is a modern antidepressant that is used in the treatment of various types of depression, including those accompanied by anxiety, sleep disorders, or sexual dysfunction. Angelini's invention, with patent protection valid until 2028, presents several methods for the preparation of purified trazodone, or trazodone hydrochloride, which guarantees high purity of this substance and a low content of unwanted residues.
News Current Position of Venetoclax in the Treatment of AML − Hope for a Better Prognosis?
The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remained stagnant for a long time, with many new drugs emerging only in the past few years. One of the newest and most important is the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein inhibitor venetoclax.
News Update of International Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema from 2021
The aim of the 2021 update of the recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) is to help doctors answer important clinical questions: How to diagnose HAE? When and what prophylactic treatment to administer? What are the treatment goals? How do treatment of children and pregnant women differ? How to monitor disease activity, its impact, and control?
News With Prof. Pavel Žák about Current Trends and Future Perspectives in Bone Marrow Transplantation and the Role of Carmustine in this Context
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has an indispensable place in the treatment of hemato-oncological diseases. We discuss current trends in this area, the significance and benefits of carmustine, the choice between BEAM and TEAM regimens, and the future of bone marrow transplantation in the context of new technologies with the head of the 4th Department of Hematology of the Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Prof. MUDr. Pavel Žák, Ph.D.
News Lung screening in the Czech Republic has detected over a hundred cases of lung cancer
The purpose of lung screening, which has been ongoing in the Czech Republic since January 2022, is to detect early stages of lung cancer and increase awareness of this malignant disease in relation to smoking. Data analysis from health insurance companies through the National Registry of Paid Health Services (NRHZS) revealed that out of nearly 4,000 individuals who underwent low-dose CT as part of the screening examination, 116 were diagnosed with cancer.