Elimination the risk of hepatitis B virus transfusion-transmitted infection in the phase of possible occult HBV infection
Authors:
E. Ščepkinová; J. Gašparovič 1 2
Authors‘ workplace:
Národná transfúzna služba SR, Bratislava
1; Slovenská zdravotnícka univerzita, Národné referenčné centrum pre vírusové hepatitídy, Bratislava
2
Published in:
Transfuze Hematol. dnes,20, 2014, No. 2, p. 67-74.
Category:
Comprehensive Reports, Original Papers, Case Reports
Overview
Introduction:
The risk of transfusion transmitted hepatitis B virus currently still exists. The occult hepatitis B virus infection, defined by presence of HBV DNA in the liver tissue (with detectable or undetectable HBV DNA in serum, in absence HBsAg), can by occurs by transmission of hepatitis B virus of blood transfusion. Absence of HBsAg in blood of evidently healthy individuals does not mean absence of circulating hepatitis B virus and blood containing anti-HBc may be infectious, when containing HBV DNA. The source of HBV infection by blood transfusion or by organs can be carrier of the occult hepatitis B virus infection.
Material and methods:
Presence of anti-HBc positive HBsAg negative blood donors has been pursued and observed during five-years period in two regions. There were 126 anti-HBc positive and HBsAg negative samples from areas with high prevalence of anti-HBc and higher prevalence HBsAg positivity in comparison in other parts of Slovakia examined for HBV DNA determination. The samples were divided into 4 groups according to the level of anti-HBs antibodies (high, sufficient, insufficient and without anti-HBs). For HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs were used CMIA ARCHITECT methods, for HBV DNA deternination were used COBAS Ampli/Prep COBAS TaqMan HBV Test version 2.0 and for ALT examination was used GPT/ALT BPC BioSed test.
Results:
In region Bratislava has been tested 110.639 samples with positive anti-HBc results in 666 (0,60%) samples and in Dunajská Streda region 11.457 samples with positive anti-HBc results in 198 (1,72%) samples. The highest percentage of anti-HBc positive blood donors in Dunajská Streda region were in 30-50 years. 37 percent of anti-HBc positive blood donors had ALT level higher than reference value and 67% had normal level. In 126 anti-HBc positive and HBsAg negative samples HBV DNA was not detected.
Discussion and conclusion:
Examination of anti-HBc in blood donor samples significantly and reliably contributes to elimination of risk of transmission HBV infection in phase of the occult HBV infection with detectable or undetectable (very low levels in donors sera) HBV DNA.
Key words:
occult HBV infection, OBI, HBsAg, anti-HBc antibodies, anti-HBs antibodies, HBV DNA, NAT, anti-HBs titer, cccDNA, „only” anti-HBc
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