Genetic background in common forms of obesity – from studies on identical twins to candidate genes of obesity
Authors:
Běla Bendlová; Petra Lukášová; Markéta Vaňková; Daniela Vejražková; Olga Bradnová; Josef Včelák; Soňa Stanická; Hana Zamrazilová; Irena Aldhoon-Hainerová; Lenka Dušátková; Marie Kunešová; Vojtěch Hainer
Authors‘ workplace:
Endokrinologický ústav, Praha
Published in:
Čas. Lék. čes. 2014; 153: 193-199
Category:
Review Articles
* Článek je věnovaný k 70. narozeninám doc. MUDr. Vojtěcha Hainera, CSc.
Overview
Common obesity is a result of interaction between genes and environmental/lifestyle factors, with heritability estimates 40–70%. Not only the susceptibility to obesity but also the success of weight management depends on the genetic background of each individual. This paper summarizes the up-to-date knowledge on genetic causes of common obesities. Introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) led to an identification of a total of 32 variants associated with obesity/BMI and 14 with body fat distribution. Further, a great progress in revealing the mechanisms regulating the energy balance was also noted. However, the proportion of explained variance for BMI is still low, suggesting other mechanisms such as gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, rare gene variants, copy number variants polymorphisms, or epigenetic modifications and microRNAs regulating gene transcription. In summary, we present results of our studies on obesity risk variants in Czech adults, children and adolescents including those evaluating the influence of selected gene variants on the outcomes of weight management.
Keywords:
obesity – genome-wide association studies – candidate gene – single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) – BMI – anthropometric parameters – weight management – genotype-phenotype correlations
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Addictology Allergology and clinical immunology Angiology Audiology Clinical biochemistry Dermatology & STDs Paediatric gastroenterology Paediatric surgery Paediatric cardiology Paediatric neurology Paediatric ENT Paediatric psychiatry Paediatric rheumatology Diabetology Pharmacy Vascular surgery Pain managementArticle was published in
Journal of Czech Physicians
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