Osteoporosis in diabetes mellitus patients

1. Costantini S, Conte C. Bone health in diabetes and prediabetes. World J Diabetes, 2019. 10(8): p. 421–445.

2. Shah VN, Shah CS, Snell-Bergeon JK. Type 1 diabetes and risk of fracture: meta-analysis and review of the literature. Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2015; 32(9): p. 1134–1142.

3. Fan Y et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of hip fractures: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int, 2016; 27(1): p. 219–228.

4. Lipscombe LL et al. The risk of hip fractures in older individuals with diabetes: a population- based study. Diabetes Care, 2007; 30(4): p. 835–841.

5. Dhaliwal R et al. Determinants of fracture in adults with type 1 diabetes in the USA: Results from the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. J Diabetes Complications, 2018; 32(11): p. 1006–1011.

6. Moayeri A et al. Fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and possible risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Clin Risk Manag, 2017; 13: p. 455–468.

7. Wang H et al. Diabetes mellitus and the risk of fractures at specific sites: a meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 2019; 9(1): p. e024067.

8. Maurer MS, Burcham J, Cheng H. Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of falls in elderly residents of a long-term care facility. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2005; 60(9): p. 1157–1162.

9. Patel S et al. Risk factors for fractures and falls in older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Calcif Tissue Int, 2008; 82(2): p. 87–91.

10. Picke A et al. Update on the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on bone metabolism and material properties. Endocrine connections, 2019; 8(3): p. R55–R70.

11. Ferrari SL et al. Diagnosis and management of bone fragility in diabetes: an emerging challenge. Osteoporosis International, 2018; 29(12): p. 2585–2596.

12. Leslie WD et al. TBS (trabecular bone score) and diabetes-related fracture risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2013; 98(2): p. 602–609.

13. Ebrahimpur M et al. Effect of diabetes on BMD and TBS values as determinants of bone health in the elderly: Bushehr Elderly Health program. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 2019; 18(1): p. 99–106.

14. Jackuliak P et al. Good long-term glycemic compensation is associated with better trabecular bone score in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Physiol Res, 2019; 68(Suppl 2): p. S149–s156.

15. Schwartz AV et al. Association of BMD and FRAX score with risk of fracture in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Jama, 2011; 305(21): p. 2184–2192.

16. Leslie WD et al. Type 2 diabetes and bone. J Bone Miner Res, 2012; 27(11): p. 2231–2237.

17. Giangregorio LM et al. FRAX underestimates fracture risk in patients with diabetes. J Bone Miner Res, 2012; 27(2): p. 301–308.

18. Keegan TH et al. Effect of alendronate on bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in type 2 diabetic women: the fracture intervention trial. Diabetes Care, 2004; 27(7): p. 1547–1553.

19. Cummings SR et al. Effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with low bone density but without vertebral fractures: results from the Fracture Intervention Trial. Jama, 1998; 280(24): p. 2077–2082.

20. Dagdelen S et al. Influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on bone mineral density response to bisphosphonates in late postmenopausal osteoporosis. Advances in Therapy, 2007; 24(6): p. 1314–1320.

21. Inoue D et al. Efficacy and Safety of Risedronate in Osteoporosis Subjects with Comorbid Diabetes, Hypertension, and/or Dyslipidemia: A Post Hoc Analysis of Phase III Trials Conducted in Japan. Calcified Tissue International, 2016; 98(2): p. 114–122.

22. Johnell O et al. Associations Between Baseline Risk Factors and Vertebral Fracture Risk in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2004; 19(5): p. 764–772.

23. Schwartz AV et al. Teriparatide in patients with osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes. Bone, 2016; 91: p. 152–158.

24. Langdahl BL et al. Real-world effectiveness of teriparatide on fracture reduction in patients with osteoporosis and comorbidities or risk factors for fractures: Integrated analysis of 4 prospective observational studies. Bone, 2018; 116: p. 58–66.

25. Zebaze R et al. Denosumab Reduces Cortical Porosity of the Proximal Femoral Shaft in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res, 2016; 31(10): p. 1827–1834.

26. Hayakawa N, Suzuki A. Diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Effect of antidiabetic medicine on osteoporotic fracture. Clin Calcium, 2012; 22(9): p. 1383–1390.

27. Jackuliak P et al. Effect of antidiabetic treatment on bone. Physiol Res, 2019; 68(Suppl 2): p. S107–s120.

28. Paul T, Thomas N. Impact of oral antidiabetic agents on bone metabolism. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2015; 141(4): p. 385–388.

29. McCarthy AD, Cortizo AM, Sedlinsky C. Metformin revisited: Does this regulator of AMP-activated protein kinase secondarily affect bone metabolism and prevent diabetic osteopathy. World Journal of Diabetes, 2016; 7(6): p. 122–133.

30. Gilbert MP, Pratley RE. The Impact of Diabetes and Diabetes Medications on Bone Health. Endocrine Reviews, 2015; 36(2): p. 194–213.

31. Vestergaard P et al. Relative fracture risk in patients with diabetes mellitus, and the impact of insulin and oral antidiabetic medication on relative fracture risk. Diabetologia, 2005; 48(7): p. 1292–1299.

32. Schwartz AV. Diabetes and Metabolism of Bone, in ENDO 2017: Meet-The-Professor Endocrine Case Management, J. Leahy and A. Danoff, Editors. 2017: Washington DC. p. 63–65.

33. Palermo A et al. Oral anti-diabetic drugs and fracture risk, cut to the bone: safe or dangerous? A narrative review. Osteoporos Int, 2015; 26(8): p. 2073–2089.

34. Lecka-Czernik B. Safety of Anti-Diabetic Therapies on Bone. Clinical Rev Bone Miner Metab., 2013; 11(1): p. 49-58.

35. Molinuevo MS et al. Effect of metformin on bone marrow progenitor cell differentiation: In vivo and in vitro studies. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2010; 25(2): p. 211–221.

36. Sundararaghavan V et al. Diabetes and bone health: latest evidence and clinical implications. Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease, 2017; 9(3): p. 67–74.

37. Melton LJ et al. Fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: update of a population-based study. J Bone Miner Res, 2008; 23(8): p. 1334–1342.

38. Russo GT et al. Fracture Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: Current Perspectives and Gender Differences. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2016; 2016: p. 1615735.

39. Mehta S. Comparative Safety of Oral Antidiabetic Therapy on Risk of Fracture in Patients with Diabetes, in American Diabetes Association 2014 Scientific Sessions; 2014: p. 165-OR.

40. Medscape Sulfonylureas May Up Fracture Risk in Diabetes, Along With TZDs. 2014.

41. Mieczkowska A et al. Thiazolidinediones induce osteocyte apoptosis by a G protein- coupled receptor 40-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem, 2012; 287(28): p. 23517–23526.

42. Loke YK, Singh S, Furberg CD. Long-term use of thiazolidinediones and fractures in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2009; 180(1): p. 32–39.

43. Ceccarelli E et al. Beyond Glycemic Control in Diabetes Mellitus: Effects of Incretin- -Based Therapies on Bone Metabolism. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2013; 4(73): p. 1–12.

44. Monami M et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and bone fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Care, 2011; 34(11): p. 2474–2476.

45. Nauck MA et al. Dapagliflozin Versus Glipizide as Add-on Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control With Metformin: A randomized, 52-week, double-blind, active-controlled noninferiority trial. Diabetes Care, 2011; 34(9): p. 2015–2022.

46. List JF et al. Sodium-Glucose Cotransport Inhibition With Dapagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2009; 32(4): p. 650–657.

47. Ljunggren Ö et al. Dapagliflozin has no effect on markers of bone formation and resorption or bone mineral density in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2012; 14(11): p. 990–999.

48. Kohan DE et al. Long-term study of patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment shows that dapagliflozin reduces weight and blood pressure but does not improve glycemic control. Kidney International, 2014; 85(4): p. 962–971.

49. Watts NB et al. Effects of Canagliflozin on Fracture Risk in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2016; 101(1): p. 157–166.

50. Campos Pastor MM et al. Intensive insulin therapy and bone mineral density in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a prospective study. Osteoporos Int, 2000; 11(5): p. 455–459.

51. Fowlkes JL et al. Contributions of the Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Axis to Diabetic Osteopathy. Journal of diabetes & metabolism, 2011; 1(3): p. S1-003.

52. Zhukouskaya VV et al. Bone Health in Type 1 Diabetes: Where We Are Now and How We Should Proceed. Advances in Endocrinology, 2014; 2014: p. 12.

53. Kanazawa I et al. Relationships between serum adiponectin levels versus bone mineral density, bone metabolic markers, and vertebral fractures in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Endocrinol, 2009; 160(2): p. 265–273.

54. Chandran M. Diabetes Drug Effects on the Skeleton. Calcified Tissue International, 2017; 100(2): p. 133–149.

55. Ferrari S. Diabetes and Bone. Calcif Tissue Int, 2017; 100(2): p. 107–108.

56. Quandt SA et al. Predictors of Falls in a Multiethnic Population of Older Rural Adults With Diabetes. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2006; 61(4): p. 394–398.