#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Mechanisms of the in-cell activities of the thyroid gland hormones


Authors: J. Brtko
Authors‘ workplace: Laboratórium molekulárnej endokrinológie, Ústav experimentálnej endokrinológie SAV, Bratislava, Slovenská republika, riaditeľ MUDr. Vladimír Štrbák, DrSc.
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2006; 52(10): 935-940
Category: Review

Overview

Function of thyroid hormones affecting broad spectrum of various biochemical and molecular biology reactions in organisms is unimaginable without fully functional nuclear receptors. On account of this fact, research on the role and function of thyroid hormone receptors that play a role as thyroid hormone inducible transcription factors, belongs to dynamically developing branches of molecular endocrinology. In organism, full functionality of thyroid hormone receptors in the form of heterodimer with nuclear 9-cis retinoic acid receptor is essential for biological effects of 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine.

Key words:
L-tyroxín – jódtyronín dejodáza – 3,5,3’-trijódtyronín – jadrový receptor – kyselina 9-cis retinová – molekulárny mechanizmus hormónov štítnej žľazy


Sources

1. Apriletti JW, Ribeiro RC, Wagner RL et al. Molecular and structural biology of thyroid hormone receptors. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1998; Suppl 25: S2-S11.

2. Beug H, Kahn P, Vennström B et al. How do retroviral oncogenes induce transformation in avian erythroid cells? Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1985; 226: 121-126.

3. Casanova J, Horowitz ZD, Copp RP et al. Photoaffinity labelling of thyroid hormone nuclear receptors. Influence of n-butyrate and analysis of the half-lives of the 57 000 and 47 000 molecular weight forms. J Biol Chem 1984; 259: 12084-12091.

4. Cook CB, Kakucska I, Lechan RM et al. Expression of thyroid hormone receptor β2 in rat hypothalamus. Endocrinology 1992; 130: 1077-1079.

5. Evans RM. The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Science 1988; 240: 889-895.

6. Glass CK, Holloway JM. Regulation of gene expression by thyroid hormone receptor. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990; 1032: 157-176.

7. Graf T, Beug H. Role of the v-erbA oncogenes of avian erythroblastosis virus in erythroid cell transformation. Cell 1983; 34: 7-9.

8. Hartong R, Wiersinga WM, Lamers WH. Nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine receptor occupancy, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) messenger ribonucleic acid levels and PEPCK enzyme activity in rat liver. Endocrinology 1987; 120: 2460-2467.

9. Hodin RA, Lazar MA, Wintman BI et al. Identification of a thyroid hormone receptor that is pituitary-specific. Science 1989; 244: 76-79.

10. Hodin RA, Lazar MA, Chin WW. Differential and tissue-specific regulation of multiple rat c-erbA messenger RNA species by thyroid hormone. J Clin Invest 1990; 85: 101-105.

11. Ichikawa K, Brtko J, DeGroot LJ et al. Stabilization, accurate determination, and purification of rat liver nuclear thyroid hormone receptor. J Endocrinol 1989; 120: 237-243.

12. Izumo S, Mahdavi V. Thyroid hormone receptor α isoforms generated by alternative splicing activate myosin HC gene transcription. Nature 1988; 334: 539-542.

13. Jakobs TC, Hoehler MR, Schmutzler C et al. Structure of the human type I iodothyronine 5´-deiodinase gene and localization to chromosome 1p32-p33. Genomics 1997; 42: 361-363.

14. Köhrle J. Thyroid hormone deiodination in target tissues - a regulatory role for the trace element selenium? Exp Clin Endocrinol 1994; 102: 63-89.

15. Köhrle J, Schomburg L, Drescher S et al. Rapid stimulation of type I 5´-deiodinase in rat pituitaries by 3,5,3´-triiodo-L-thyronine. Mol Cell Endocr 1995; 108: 17-21.

16. Köhrle J. The selenoenzyme family of deiodinase isoenzymes controls local thyroid hormone availability. Rev Endocr Metab Disorders 2000; 1: 49-58.

17. Krenning E, Docter R, Bernard B et al. Characteristics of active transport of thyroid hormone into rat hepatocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1981; 676: 314-320.

18. Lazar MA, Berrodin TJ, Harding HP. Differential DNA binding by monomeric, and potentially heteromeric of the thyroid hormone receptor. Mol Cell Biol 1991; 11: 5005-5015.

19. McKenna NJ, Lanz RB, O´Malley BW. Nuclear receptor coregulators: Cellular and molecular biology. Endocr Rev 1999; 20: 321-344.

20. Oppenheimer JH, Koerner K, Schwartz HL et al. Specific nuclear triiodothyronine binding sites in rat liver and kidney. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972; 35: 330-333.

21. Oppenheimer JH, Schwartz HL, Surks MI. Tissue differences in the concentration of triiodothyronine nuclear binding sites in the rat: Liver, kidney, pituitary, heart brain, spleen and testis. Endocrinology 1974; 95: 897-903.

22. Russell DH. Ornithine decarboxylase as a biological and pharmacological tool. Pharmacology 1980; 20: 117-129.

23. Samuels HH. Identification and characterization of thyroid hormone receptors and action using cell culture techniques. In: Oppenheimer JH, Samuels HH (eds). Molecular Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action. New York: Academic Press 1983; 36-65.

24. Sap J, Muñoz A, Damm K et al. The c-erbA protein is a high affinity receptor for thyroid hormone. Nature 1986; 324: 633-640.

25. Simonet WS, Ness GC. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of rat hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase by thyroid hormones. J Biol Chem 1988; 263: 12448-12453.

26. Surks MI, Koerner D, Dillmann WH et al. Limited capacity binding sites for L-triiodothyronine in rat liver nuclei: Localization to the chromatin and partial characterization. J Biol Chem 1973; 248: 7066-7072.

27. Surks MI, Koerner D, Oppenheimer JH. In vitro binding of L-triiodo-thyronine to receptors in rat liver nuclei: Kinetics of binding, extraction properties and lack of requirement for cytosol proteins. J Clin Invest 1975; 55: 50-60.

28. Thompson CC, Weinberger C, Lebo R et al. Identification of a novel thyroid hormone receptor expressed in the mammalian central nervous system. Science 1987; 237: 1610-1614.

29. Torresani J, DeGroot LJ. Triiodothyronine binding to liver nuclear solubilized proteins in vitro. Endocrinology 1975; 96: 1201-1209.

30. Towle HC, Mariash CN, Schwartz HL et al. Quantitation of rat liver messenger ribonucleic acid for malic enzyme induction by thyroid hormone. Biochemistry 1981; 20: 3486-3491.

31. Tsai MJ, O´Malley BW. Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members. Annu Rev Biochem 1994; 63: 451-486.

32. Weinberger C, Thompson CC, Ong ES et al. The c-erbA gene encodes a thyroid hormone receptor. Nature 1986; 324: 641-646.

33. Yen PM, Ando S, Feng X et al. Thyroid hormone action at the cellular, genomic and target gene levels. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006; 246: 121-127.

34. Zhang J, Lazar MA. The mechanism of action of thyroid hormones. Ann Rev Physiol 2000; 62: 439-466.

Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicine
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#