Posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors:
K. Látalová; J. Praško; D. Kamarádová; A. Sandoval; D. Jelenová; P. Havlíková; M. Černá
Authors‘ workplace:
Klinika psychiatrie
; Přednosta: prof. MUDr. Ján Praško, CSc.
; Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci a Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc
Published in:
Prakt. Lék. 2014; 94(4): 172-176
Category:
Reviews
Overview
Posttraumatic stress disorder belongs to the group of anxiety disorders. The experience of a stressful event or situation of exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature precedes the development of PTSD. The disorder is more common in women, people not in a relationship, disabled or socially isolated people. The definite neurobiological hypothesis has not been determined yet. Great attention is paid to changes in the level of the hypothalamus-pituitary-noradrenergic axis. In the clinical picture of PTSD there are typical recurrent, intrusive memories, which appear in the form of flashbacks or nightmares. The progress is usually erratic, most of the patients will have declining symptoms in time. The treatment is often complicated by comorbidities. The antidepressant from the group of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, mood stabilizers and antipsychotics proved to be effective in the treatment of PTSD. The anxiolytics can be administered temporarily. There is evidence that the cognitive behavioral therapy is the most effective from the psychotherapeutic approaches. Many patients benefit from a combination of both treatments.
Keywords:
stress – trauma – PTSD – anxiety disorders – therapy – antidepressants – cognitive-behavioral therapy
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