Local H1 Antihistaminic Drugs in the Therapy of Acute Allergic Reactions ofConjunctivas

Overview

Aim:
To determine, whether the immediately originated allergic reaction of conjunctivasmay be treated with local H1 antihistaminic drugs in a monotherapy(Allergodil gtt, Emadine gtt).Group and Methods: The group included 30 patients at the age of 17 to 40 years atthe mean age of 33.2 years, where chemosis and hyperemia of bulbar conjunctivaoriginated suddenly aswell as edemaof eyelids.Thereportedsubjectivesymptomswere itching,burningsensation in theeyes,lacrimation,andthefeelingofpressureunder the eyelid. Local treatment with azelastin (Allergodil gtt. oph., Pliva), wasapplied in 15 patients, the other 15 patients were treated locally with emedastin(Emadine gtt. oph., Alcon) at the dose of one drop twice daily into the conjunctivalsac of both eyes. The time of onset of the therapeutic effect and the disappearanceof subjective symptoms and objective signs were observed.Results: The disappearance of subjective symptoms after the start of therapydeveloped within 20 minutes after Allergodil gtt and within 5 minutes afterEmadin. Subjective complaints disappeared in the range of 86 – 100 % afterAllergodil gtt and in the range of 90 – 100 % after Emadin gtt. A substantialdiminution or even complete disappearance of objective symptoms developed in74 – 80 % cases after the treatment with Allergodil gtt and in 80 – 87 % subjectsafter Emadin gtt.Conclusion: The investigated local H1 antihistaminic drugs proved to be effectivein monotherapy of acute phase of allergic conjunctivitis. The drugs influence subjective complaints faster and more efficiently than the objective signs. Thetherapy of objective manifestations requires longer period of time for the effectto develop.

Key words:
acute allergic conjunctivitis, local H1 antihistaminic drugs, azelastin,Allergodil, emedastin, Emadine