Selected cardiovascular, renal and metabolic study results published in 2024

Overview

The tenth cardiovascular studies summit (CVOT summit 2024 [1]) discussed new cardio-reno-metabolic studies with drugs originally developed as antidiabetics: SGLT2 inhibitors and incretin peptides. A non-corticoid selective mineralocorticoid receptor blocker (finerenone) also has favourable cardiovascular results, and the treatment potential of a new drug group, aldosterone synthase inhibitors (baxdrostat, vicadrostat), is being verified. The results of studies from recent years are incorporated into new recommendations for the monitoring and treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases: the definition of cardio-reno-metabolic syndrome has been clarified and treatment recommendations based on the results of the studies are being published. The basis is an optimal nutritional strategy for weight reduction (especially treatment with incretin peptides) with an optimal diet and lifestyle to limit the risk of sarcopenia. Weight reduction with these drugs is favourable in the treatment of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (MASLD). The atherogenic risk of microplastics is also being investigated, with animal studies suggesting adverse metabolic effects. A multicentre observational study examining atherosclerotic plaques obtained during endarterectomy found a more than fourfold increase in subsequent cardiovascular events according to the frequency of nano -⁠ and microplastics in the examined atheromas.

Keywords:

cardiovascular studies – cardio-reno-metabolic syndrome – atherogenic risk of microplastics