#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Chronic renal failure and cardiovascular events


Authors: V. Monhart
Published in: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2012, 14(4): 254-257
Category:

Overview

Patients with chronic renal failure have significantly increased risk of cardiovascular events. The numerous traditional (hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes) and nontraditional renal specific risk factors (retention of uremic toxins, anemia, hyper­volemia, malnutrition and impaired calcium and phosphate balance) contribute to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The early detection and intervention treatable risk factors can reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events. The focus of comprehensive therapy consist in blood pressure and dyslipidemia control.

Keywords:
chronic renal failure – cardiovascular events – risk factors – hypertension – dyslipidemia


Sources

1. Mann JF, Gerstein HC, Pogue J et al. Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: the HOPE randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134: 629–636.

2. Ruilope LM, Salvetti A, Jamerson K et al. Renal function and intensive lowering of blood pressure in hypertensive participants of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) Study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 218–225.

3. Henry RM, Kostense PJ, Bos G et al. Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: The Hoorn Study. Kidney Int 2002; 62: 1402–1407.

4. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1296–1305.

5. Muntner P, He J, Astor BC et al. Traditional and nontraditional risk factors predict coronary heart disease in chronic kidney disease: results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 529–538.

6. Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Cushman M et al. Cardiovascular mortality risk in chronic kidney disease: comparison of traditional and novel risk factors. JAMA 2005; 293: 1737–1745.

7. Foley RN, Wang C, Collins AJ. Cardiovascular risk factor profiles and kidney function stage in the US general population: the NHANES III study. Mayo Clin Proc 2005; 80: 1270–1277.

8. Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium, Matsushita K, van der Velde M, Astor BC et al. Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative meta-analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 2073–2081.

9. van der Velde M, Matsushita K, Coresh J et al. Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium. Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohorts. Kidney Int 2011; 79: 1341–1352.

10. Collins AJ, Foley RN, Herzog C et al. Excerpts from the US Renal Data System 2009 Annual Data Report. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 55 (Suppl 1): A6–A7.

11. Cheung AK, Sarnak MJ, Yan G et al. Cardiac diseases in maintenance hemodialysis patients: results of the HEMO Study. Kidney Int 2004; 65: 2380–2389.

12. Levey AS, Beto JA, Coronado BE et al. Controlling the epidemic of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease: What do we know? What do we need to learn? Where do we go from here? National Kidney Foundation Task Force on Cardio­vascular Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32: 853–906.

13. Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Kent GM et al. Long--term evolution of cardiomyopathy in dialysis patients. Kidney Int 1998; 54: 1720–1725.

14. Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Sarnak MJ. Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32 (5 Suppl 3): S112–S119.

15. Parfrey PS, Foley RN. Clinical epidemiology of cardiac disease in chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 1606–1615.

16. Fink HA, Ishani A, Taylor BC et al. Screening for, monitoring, and treatment of chronic kidney disease stages 1 to 3: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and for an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline. Ann Intern Med 2012; 156 : 570–581.

17. Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E et al. European Society of Hypertension. Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force documents. J Hypertens 2009; 27: 2121–2158.

18. Filipovský J, Widimský J Jr, Ceral J et al. Diagnostické a léčebné postupy u arteriální hypertenze – verze 2012. Doporučení České společnosti pro hypertenzi. Vnitř Lék 2012; 58: 785–801.

19. Bangalore S, Kumar S, Lobach I et al. Blood Pressure Targets in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus/Impaired Fasting Glucose: observations from traditional and bayesian random-effects meta-analysis of randomized trials. Circulation 2011; 123: 2799–2810.

20. Upadhyay A, Earley A, Haynes SM et al. Systematic review: Blood pressure target in chronic kidney disease and proteinuria as an effect modifier. Ann Intern Med 2011; 154: 541–548.

21. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J et al. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet 2010; 376: 1670–1681.

22. Wanner C, Krane V, Marz W et al. German Dia­betes and Dialysis Study Investigators. Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 238–242.

23. Fellström BC, Jardine AG, Schmieder RE et al. AURORA Study Group. Rosuvastatin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 1395–1407.

24. März W, Genser B, Drechsler C et al. German Diabetes andDialysis Study Investigators. Atorva-statin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on hemodialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 6: 1316–1325.

25. Holdaas H, Holme I, Schmieder RE et al. Rosuvastatin in diabetic hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22: 1335–1341.

26. Baigent C, Landray MJ, Reith C et al. SHARP Investigators. The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2011; 377: 2181–2192.

27. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD et al. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-year cardiovas-cular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 1993; 16: 434–444.

28. Lowrie EG, Lew NL. Death risk in hemodialysis patients: The predictive value of commonly measured variables and evaluation of death rate differences between facilities. Am J Kidney Dis 1990; 15: 458–482.

29. Krane V, Heinrich F, Meesmann M et al. German Diabetes and Dialysis Study Investigators. Electrocardiography and outcome in patients with dia­betes mellitus on maintenance hemodialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 4: 394–400.

30. Herzog CA, Mangrum JM, Passman R. Sudden cardiac death and dialysis patient. Semin Dial 2008; 21: 300–307.

Labels
Paediatric cardiology Internal medicine Cardiac surgery Cardiology
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#