Year 2022 in review – Sepsis

Czech version

Authors: T. Karvunidis ^1,2; M. Matějovič ^1,2
Authors‘ workplace: Jednotka intenzivní péče, I. interní klinika, Lékařská fakulta v Plzni, Univerzita Karlova a Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň ¹; Biomedicínské centrum, Univerzita Karlova a Lékařská fakulta v Plzni ²
Published in: Anest. intenziv. Med., 33, 2022, č. 6, s. 256-259
Category: Review Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.36290/aim.2022.040

Overview

This year’s summary discusses important publications in the field of antibiotic therapy, fluid therapy, metabolic resuscitation, extracorporeal hemoadsorption methods, temperature control, and summarizes new advances in phenotyping critically ill septic patients.

Keywords:

sepsis – antibiotics – fluid therapy – hemadsorption – metabolic resuscitation – sepsis subphenotypes

Sources

1. Giamarellou H, Karaiskos I. Current and Potential Therapeutic Options for Infections Caused by Difficult‑to‑Treat and Pandrug Resistant Gram‑Negative Bacteria in Critically Ill Patients. Antibiotics (Basel). 2022;11(8):1009. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11081009. PMID: 35892399; PMCID: PMC9394369.

2. Karakonstantis S, Rousaki M, Kritsotakis EI. Cefiderocol: Systematic Review of Mechanisms of Resistance, Heteroresistance and In Vivo Emergence of Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel). 2022;11(6):723. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11060723. PMID: 35740130; PMCID: PMC9220290.

3. Huang C, Chen I, Yang Y. Doripenem in the Treatment of Patients with Nosocomial Pneumonia: A Meta‑Analysis. J Clin Med. 2022;11(14):4014. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144014. PMID: 35887777; PMCID: PMC9319354.

4. Paul M, Carrara E, Retamar P, Tängdén T, Bitterman R, Bonomo RA, et al. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) guidelines for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug‑resistant Gram‑negative bacilli (endorsed by European society of intensive care medicine). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022;28(4):521-547. doi: 10.1016/j. cmi.2021. 11. 025. Epub 2021 Dec 16. PMID: 34923128.

5. Hetzler L, Kollef MH, Yuenger V, Micek ST, Betthauser KD. New antimicrobial treatment options for severe Gram‑negative infections. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2022;28(5):522-533. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000968. Epub 2022 Aug 4. PMID: 35942725.

6. O’Donnell JN, Lodise TP. New Perspectives on Antimicrobial Agents: Imipenem‑Relebactam. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022;66(7):e0025622. doi: 10.1128/aac.00256- 22. Epub 2022 Jun 21. PMID: 35727059; PMCID: PMC9295581.

7. Meyhoff TS, Møller MH, Hjortrup PB, Cronhjort M, Perner A, Wetterslev J. Lower vs Higher Fluid Volumes During Initial Management of Sepsis: A Systematic Review With Meta‑Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Chest. 2020;157(6):1478-1496. doi: 10.1016/j. chest.2019. 11. 050. Epub 2020 Jan 23. PMID: 31982391.

8. Andrews B, Semler MW, Muchemwa L, Kelly P, Lakhi S, Heimburger DC, Mabula C, Bwalya M, Bernard GR. Effect of an Early Resuscitation Protocol on In‑hospital Mortality Among Adults With Sepsis and Hypotension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Oct 3;318(13):1233-1240. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.10913. PMID: 28973227; PMCID: PMC5710318.

9. Meyhoff TS, Hjortrup PB, Wetterslev J, Sivapalan P, Laake JH, Cronhjort M, et al; CLASSIC Trial Group. Restriction of Intravenous Fluid in ICU Patients with Septic Shock. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(26):2459-2470. doi:

10.1056/NEJMoa2202707. Epub 2022 Jun 17. PMID: 35709019. 10. Zhang Y, Wang M, Lu Z, Yang M. Effect of Fluid Resuscitation Strategies for Obese Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review. Intensive Care Res. 2022:1-8. doi: 10.1007/s44231-022-00019-y. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36320644; PMCID: PMC9610334.

11. Maiwall, R. et al. A randomized‑ controlled trial comparing 20% albumin to plasma lyte in patients with cirrhosis and sepsis‑ induced hypotension [ALPS trial]. J. Hepatol. 2022;77:670-682.

12. Marik PE, Khangoora V, Rivera R, Hooper MH, Catravas J. Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C, and Thiamine for the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Before‑After Study. Chest. 2017;151(6):1229-1238. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016. 11. 036. Epub 2016 Dec 6. PMID: 27940189.

13. Lamontagne F, Masse MH, Menard J, Sprague S, Pinto R, Heyland DK, et al; LOVIT Investigators and the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Intravenous Vitamin C in Adults with Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(25):2387-2398. doi: 10.1056/ NEJMoa2200644. Epub 2022 Jun 15. PMID: 35704292.

14. Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Hypothermia and cytokines in septic shock. Norasept II Study Investigators. North American study of the safety and efficacy of murine monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor for the treatment of septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 2000;26(6):716-21. doi: 10.1007/s001340051237. PMID: 10945388.

15. Rumbus Z, Matics R, Hegyi P, Zsiboras C, Szabo I, Illes A, et al. Fever Is Associated with Reduced, Hypothermia with Increased Mortality in Septic Patients: A Meta‑Analysis of Clinical Trials. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0170152. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170152. PMID: 28081244; PMCID: PMC5230786.

16. Drewry AM, Mohr NM, Ablordeppey EA, Dalton CM, Doctor RJ, Fuller BM, et al. Therapeutic Hyperthermia Is Associated With Improved Survival in Afebrile Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: A Pilot Randomized Trial. Crit Care Med. 2022;50(6):924-934. doi: 10.1097/ CCM.0000000000005470. Epub 2022 Feb 7. PMID: 35120040; PMCID: PMC9133030.

17. Ricci Z, Romagnoli S, Reis T, Bellomo R, Ronco C. Hemoperfusion in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. 2022;48(10):1397-1408. doi: 10.1007/s00134-022-06810-1. Epub 2022 Aug 19. PMID: 35984473; PMCID: PMC9389493.

18.Stockmann H, Thelen P, Stroben F, Pigorsch M, Keller T, Krannich A, et al. CytoSorb Rescue for COVID-19 Patients With Vasoplegic Shock and Multiple Organ Failure: A Prospective, Open‑Label, Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Crit Care Med. 2022;50(6):964-976. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005493. Epub 2022 Feb 9. PMID: 35135967; PMCID: PMC9112514.

19. Beneš J, Chvojka J, Karvunidis T, Kletečka J, Máca J, Zatloukal J. Rok 2021 v přehledu – Intenzivní medicína. Anesteziol. a Intenziv. Med. 2021;32:271-279.

20. Stanski NL, Wong HR. Prognostic and predictive enrichment in sepsis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020;16(1):20-31. doi: 10.1038/s41581-019-0199-3. Epub 2019 Sep 11. PMID: 31511662; PMCID: PMC7097452.

21. DeMerle KM, Angus DC, Baillie JK, Brant E, Calfee CS, Carcillo J, et al. Sepsis Subclasses: A Framework for Development and Interpretation. Crit Care Med. 2021;49(5):748-759. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004842. PMID: 33591001; PMCID: PMC8627188.

22. Sweeney TE, Azad TD, Donato M, Haynes WA, Perumal TM, Henao R, et al. Unsupervised Analysis of Transcriptomics in Bacterial Sepsis Across Multiple Datasets Reveals Three Robust Clusters. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(6):915-925. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003084. PMID: 29537985; PMCID: PMC5953807.

23. Freund Y, Lemachatti N, Krastinova E, Van Laer M, Claessens YE, Avondo A, et al; French Society of Emergency Medicine Collaborators Group. Prognostic Accuracy of Sepsis-3 Criteria for In‑Hospital Mortality Among Patients With Suspected Infection Presenting to the Emergency Department. JAMA. 2017;317(3):301-308. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.20329. PMID: 28114554.

24. Bhavani SV, Semler M, Qian ET, Verhoef PA, Robichaux C, Churpek MM, et al. Development and validation of novel sepsis subphenotypes using trajectories of vital signs. Intensive Care Med. 2022;48(11):1582-1592. doi: 10.1007/s00134-022-06890-z. Epub 2022 Sep 24. PMID: 36152041; PMCID: PMC9510534.

25. Semler MW, Self WH, Wanderer JP, Ehrenfeld JM, Wang L, Byrne DW, et al; SMART Investigators and the Pragmatic Critical Care Research Group. Balanced Crystalloids versus Saline in Critically Ill Adults. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(9):829-839. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1711584. Epub 2018 Feb 27. PMID: 29485925; PMCID: PMC5846085.

26. Brown RM, Wang L, Coston TD, Krishnan NI, Casey JD, Wanderer JP, et al. Balanced Crystalloids versus Saline in Sepsis. A Secondary Analysis of the SMART Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200(12):1487-1495. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0557OC. PMID: 31454263; PMCID: PMC6909845.

27. Xu Z, Mao C, Su C, Zhang H, Siempos I, Torres LK, et al. Sepsis subphenotyping based on organ dysfunction trajectory. Crit Care. 2022;26(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s13054-022-04071- 4. PMID: 35786445; PMCID: PMC9250715.

28. Shankar‑Hari M, Rubenfeld GD. Population enrichment for critical care trials: phenotypes and differential outcomes. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2019;25(5):489-497. doi: 10.1097/ MCC.0000000000000641. PMID: 31335383.