#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

A few comments by clinical biochemists on acute kidney injury


Authors: A. Jabor 1,2;  J. Franeková 1,2
Authors‘ workplace: Pracoviště laboratorních metod, IKEM, Praha 1;  3. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova, Praha 2
Published in: Anest. intenziv. Med., 27, 2016, č. 4, s. 228-236
Category: Intesive Care Medicine - Special Article

Overview

This review paper addresses the definition of acute kidney injury and other related nosologic units, criteria of function, and the RIFLE and AKIN classifications. The new clinical unit called subclinical acute kidney injury as well as kidney damage biomarkers are also focused on. Difficulties related to the examination of the kidney function – together with suggested solutions – are dealt with, e. g. the issue of measuring and estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the issue of comparability and traceability of creatinine, urea, and cystatin C measurements in the serum, the issue of comparability of different estimated GFR values including the use of GFR estimation in intensive care, the issue of baseline serum creatinine, the influence of biological variability on interpretation, and finally, the issue of choosing and measuring the biomarkers of kidney injury.

Keywords:
acute kidney injury network (AKIN) – acute kidney injury (AKI); acute kidney disease (AKD); chronic kidney disease (CKD); glomerular filtration rate (GFR); Kidney Disease, Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) – Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) – Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss-of-function, End-stage renal disease (RIFLE)


Sources

1. KDIGO CKD Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. Suppl., 2013, 3, p. 1–150.

2. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int. Suppl., 2012, 2, p. 1–138.

3. Mehta, R. L., Kellum, J. A., Shah, S. V., Molitoris, B. A., Ronco, C., Warnock, D. G. et al. Acute Kidney Injury Network: report of a initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury. Crit Care, 2007, 11, R31.

4. Ronco, C. ADQI Consensus on AKI Biomarkers and Cardiorenal Syndromes. Contrib. Nephrol. Basel Karger, 2013, 182, p. 5–12.

5. Haase, M., Devarajan, P., Haase-Fielitz, A., Bellomo, R., Cruz, D. N., Wagener, G. et al. The outcome of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-positive subclinical acute kidney injury: a multicenter pooled analysis of prospective studies. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2011, 57, 17, p. 1752–1761.

6. Ho, J., Tangri, N., Komenda, P., Kaushal, A., Sood, M., Brar, R. et al. Urinary, Plasma, and Serum Biomarkers‘ Utility for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Cardiac Surgery in Adults: A Meta-analysis. Am. J. Kidney Dis., 2015, pii: S0272-6386(15)00940-3. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.018. [Epub ahead of print].

7. Urbschat, A., Obermüller, N., Haferkamp, A. Biomarkers of kidney injury. Biomarkers, 2011, 16 Suppl 1, S22–30.

8. Vanmassenhove, J., Vanholder, R., Nagler, E., Van Biesen, W. Urinary and serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury: an in-depth review of the literature. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., 2013, 28, 2, p. 254–273.

9. McCullough, P. A., Kellum, J. A., Haase, M., Muller, C., Damman, K., Murray, P. T. et al. Pathophysiology of the Cardiorenal Syndromes: Executive Summary from the Eleventh Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI). Blood Purif., 2014, 37, suppl, p. 2–13.

10. Bagshaw, S. M., Bennett, M., Haase, M., Haase-Fielitz, A., Egi, M., Morimatsu, H. et al. Plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in septic versus non-septic acute kidney injury in critical illness. Intensive Care Med., 2010, 36, 3, p. 452–461.

11. Matsa, R., Ashley, E., Sharma, V., Walden, A. P., Keating. L. Plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the diagnosis of new onset acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Crit Care, 2014, 18:R137.

12. Haase, M., Bellomo, R., Devarajan, P., Schlattmann, P., Haase-Fielitz, A. NGAL Meta-analysis Investigator Group. Accuracy of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in diagnosis and prognosis in acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. J. Kidney Dis., 2009, 54, 6, p. 1012–1024.

13. Haase-Fielitz, A., Haase, M., Devarajan, P. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of acute kidney injury: a critical evaluation of current status. Ann. Clin. Biochem., 2014, 51, Pt 3, p. 335–351.

14. Ronco, C. Biomarkers for acute kidney injury: is NGAL ready for clinical use? Crit. Care, 2014, 18:680.

15. Soveri, I., Berg, U. B., Björk, J., Elinder, C. G., Grubb, A., Mejare, I. et al. Measuring GFR: a systematic review. Am. J. Kidney Dis., 2014, 64, p. 411–424.

16. Sečník, P., Franeková, J., Komínková, M., Kotrbatý, J., Hunal, Z., Tlučhořová, D. et al. Interference dobutaminu při stanovení analytů s využitím Trinderovy reakce. Klinická biochemie a metabolismus, 2012, 20, 41, 1, p. 17–30.

17. Jaffé, M. Über den Niederschlag, welchen Pikrinsäure in normalen Harn erzeugt und über eine neue Reaction des Kreatinins. Z Physiol Chem., 1886, 10, p. 391–400.

18. Cockcroft, D. W., Gault, M. H. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron., 1976, 16, p. 31–41.

19. Levey, A. S., Stevens, L. A., Schmid, C. H., Zhang, Y. L., Castro, A. F. 3rd, Feldman, H. I. et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann. Intern. Med., 2009, 150, p. 604–612.

20. Grubb, A., Nyman, U., Björk, J., Lindström, V., Rippe, B., Sterner, G. et al. Simple cystatin C-based prediction equations for glomerular filtration rate compared with the modification of diet in renal disease prediction equation for adults and the Schwartz and the Counahan-Barratt prediction equations for children. Clin. Chem., 2005, 51, p. 1420–1431.

21. Grubb, A., Horio, M., Hansson, L. O., Björk, J., Nyman, U., Flodin, M. et al. Generation of a new cystatin C-based estimating equation for glomerular filtration rate by use of 7 assays standardized to the international calibrator. Clin. Chem., 2014, 60, p. 974–986.

22. Delanaye, P., Cavalier, E., Morel, J., Mehdi, M,, Maillard, N., Claisse, G. et al. Detection of decreased glomerular filtration rate in intensive care units: serum cystatin C versus serum creatinine. BMC Nephrol., 2014, 15, 9.

23. Bellomo, R., Ronco, C., Kellum, J. A., Mehta, R. L., Palevsky, P. Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative workgroup. Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit. Care, 2004, 8, R204–212.

24. Jabor, A., Franeková, J. Principy interpretace laboratorních testů. Roche: Praha 2013, ISBN 978-80-260-5094-0.

25. American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2015. Diabetes Care, 2015, 38, Suppl. 1, S1–S93.

Labels
Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Inten Intensive Care Medicine
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#