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News What a General Practitioner Needs to Know About Gliflozins
The revolutionary benefits of gliflozins have completely changed the perspective on the choice of pharmacotherapy for diabetes. They have attracted not only diabetologists but also cardiologists and nephrologists after the favorable effects of this group of drugs on heart failure and renal functions were demonstrated even in patients without diabetes. Dapagliflozin and empagliflozin were subsequently included in recommendations for the treatment of heart failure regardless of the presence of diabetes. Dapagliflozin has also been approved for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.
News Pharmacotherapy of Glaucoma in a Nutshell According to the Latest Recommendations of the European Glaucoma Society
The European Glaucoma Society published its latest, 5th version of recommendations for the treatment of glaucoma in 2021. The following text, based on these recommendations, focuses in a nutshell on the basic principles of pharmacotherapy for this disease according to current knowledge.
News Interchangeability of Diosmin and Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction
Among the medicinal products reimbursed for chronic venous disease, those containing micronized diosmin (Diozen 180 tbl.) have been newly included. Which substances are available for this indication, and what determined the interchangeability of micronized diosmin with micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) and other selected venotonics stabilizing capillaries?
News Cariprazine − a Cardiometabolically Friendly Antipsychotic
Part of the 63rd Czech-Slovak Psychopharmacological Conference, held online from January 15−16, 2021, featured a lecture by Prof. MUDr. Jiří Masopust, Ph.D., from the Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Hradec Králové, titled “Cariprazine: a Cardiometabolically Friendly Antipsychotic”.
News Metamizole vs. Tramadol in Postoperative Analgesia
Metamizole and tramadol are well-known analgesics that have been used in practice for a long time. Interesting insights into these substances were provided by the studies presented below. Spanish doctors evaluated the efficacy and safety of metamizole compared to tramadol in postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy. German researchers were interested in the possibility of applying a combination of these drugs in an analgesic regime controlled by the patient.
News Current European Recommendations for the Treatment of Renal Colic Due to Urolithiasis
At the annual congress in Milan in 2023, new recommendations from the European Association of Urology (EAU) for the acute treatment of patients with renal colic were presented. We summarize the key points concerning primarily analgesic treatment.
News Albuminuria as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Without Apparent Cardiovascular Disease
Albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and higher mortality. However, this association has not been thoroughly investigated in diabetics without evident atherosclerotic disease. A study with a large cohort of Danish patients helped fill in the missing data.
News Current Treatment Options for Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for about 10% of all hematologic malignancies. Thanks to advancements in diagnostic methods, it is now understood as a collection of several cytologically distinct plasma cell malignancies. Alongside progress in diagnostics, there has also been rapid development in therapy, significantly improving survival rates for this previously very unfavorable diagnosis, especially in the last 15 years.
News Current Findings on Progressive Fibrosis in Interstitial Lung Disease
Leading pulmonologists around the world recently published the first of a series of three review articles on interstitial lung disease in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine journal. This article focuses on histopathology and the relationship of this disease with lung fibrosis. It also addresses the question of whether progressive lung tissue fibrosis pertains only to usual interstitial pneumonia.
News Thinking About Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the most prognostically severe and difficult-to-treat lung diseases. It affects about 5 million people worldwide, with an estimated incidence in the Czech Republic of 1/100,000 inhabitants. Although it is a relatively rare disease, due to its high mortality rate (the median survival of untreated patients is 2−3 years), it is essential to have a basic awareness of the possible symptoms of IPF. Expert sources even state that, according to statistics, only pancreatic cancer leads to a faster death compared to untreated pulmonary fibrosis.
News Telmisartan – antihypertensive with cardioprotective effects
Sartans are potent inhibitors of the AT1 receptor for angiotensin II widely used in the therapy of arterial hypertension. Given that chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role not only in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension but also in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the development of other cardiovascular diseases, the question arises whether the administration of sartans is associated with a broader cardioprotective effect. Telmisartan is the first representative of this group of antihypertensives for which a positive cardioprotective effect has been demonstrated.
News Detection of ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains using a new rapid test
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a relatively new antibiotic with very good efficacy against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Unfortunately, strains resistant to this antimicrobial treatment are now beginning to emerge. The authors of the presented study developed and tested a new laboratory test for the rapid and accurate detection of these multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
News Identification of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease suitable for device-aided therapy (DAT)
To properly implement device-aided therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) management, it is essential to timely identify patients in advanced stages of the disease who might benefit from this therapeutic approach. We summarize the useful tools that doctors can use to find these patients.
News Updated Recommendations for Treatment of von Willebrand Disease
In 2021, new recommendations for the therapy of von Willebrand disease (vWD) were published, based on a consensus by the American Society of Hematology (ASH), the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH), the National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF), and the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH). The recommendations comprise a total of 12 points and address not only prophylaxis but also gynecological and obstetric issues, for example.
News How to vaccinate children against pneumococcus?
Pneumococcus is a dreaded pathogen causing serious diseases in pediatric patients. However, it can be effectively prevented with commonly available vaccines. Let's look at the updated recommendation of the Czech Vaccinological Society ČLS JEP from April this year.