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Professional risks on bladder carcinoma – overview of issues and pilot study results


Authors: K. Vařechová 1;  L. Provazníková 1;  J. Janoutová 1;  P. Dančík 1,2;  V. Janout 1
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav epidemiologie a ochrany veřejného zdraví, Lékařská fakulta, Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě vedoucí pracoviště prof. MUDr. Vladimír Janout, CSc. 1;  Městská nemocnice Ostrava, příspěvková organizace, Oddělení urologie vedoucí pracoviště MUDr. Rostislav Kuldan 2
Published in: Pracov. Lék., 68, 2016, No. 1-2, s. 54-64.
Category: Original Papers

Overview

Objective:
The objective is the description of obtained partial results from the pilot study, concretely a professional risk and to provide a comprehensive overview of the issues.

Material and methods:
The Pilot Study on Bladder Cancer in Central Europe was designed as a multicenter pilot study under the direction of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York (USA) for Central European countries. The objectives of the study were to investigate the associations between established and suspected risk factors with risk of bladder cancer, to test the feasibility of the enrolment of different subtypes of bladder cancer cases in the participant centers, to generate new hypothesis for future studies and provide preliminary data to guide the focus and size of future investigations. The initiation took place in four centers in Central Europe. The research sample obtained from the center of Ostrava was made up of 21 persons aged 30–79 years, who had lived in the study area for at least one year, who had suffered from a newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed primary bladder cancer. Each person has passed an interview with the interviewer and also the sample of biological material (blood, urine and tumor tissue) was taken. Within a structured interview the questionnaire has been filled in. The questionnaire has been focused on the established and suspected risk factors in bladder cancer. At the end for each person was filled out the diagnostic information.

Results:
A total of 12 people (63 %) subjectively reported that they have been exposed to at least one of the listed chemicals or materials under specified conditions at the workplace. In terms of gender this file suggests a larger proportion of male workers exposed to chemical substances and materials compared to women in the workplace, and it is in the number of 9 men and 3 women. However, it is likely here is presence of a number of other factors, especially in lifestyle regardless of the job classification. Assessment of the professionalism is particularly problematic when assessing professionalism bladder cancer smoker. Higher bladder cancer risk in certain occupations may partly reflect mutual confounding by smoking, which suggests this file.

Conclusion:
There is currently no screening test that could reveal in time - yet in the asymptomatic phase - this serious disease. From this reason is prevention restricted mainly to reduction of risk factors within primary prevention.

Keywords:
pilot study – employment – exposure – aromatic amines – polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons


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Labels
Hygiene and epidemiology Hyperbaric medicine Occupational medicine
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