-
Medical journals
- Career
Issues of infection related to diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: MUDr. Milan Flekač, Ph.D.
Authors‘ workplace: III. interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. Štěpán Svačina, DrSc., MBA
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2015; 61(4): 328-334
Category: Reviews
Overview
Foot wounds are common problem in people with diabetes and now constitute the most frequent diabetes-related cause of hospitalization. Diabetic foot infections cause substantial morbidity and at least one in five results in a lower extremity amputation. They are are now the predominant proximate trigger for lower extremity amputations worldwide. One in five diabetic wounds present clinical signs of infection at primomanifestation. About 80 % of limb non-threating wounds can be succesfully healed using appropriate and comprehensive approach, including antimicrobial therapy, revascularisation and off-loading.
Key words:
antimicrobial therapy – diabetic foot infection – diabetic foot syndrome – microbiological diagnostics – osteomyelitis
Sources
1. Spichler A, Hurwitz BL, Armstrong DG et al. Microbiology of diabetic foot infections: from Louis Pasteur to “crime scene investigation”. BMC Medicine 2015; 13 : 2. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1186/s12916–014–0232–0>.
2. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Wunderlich RP et al. Risk factors for foot infections in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006; 29(6): 1288–1293.
3. Singh N, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. JAMA 2005; 293(2): 217–228.
4. Prompers L, Schaper N, Apelqvist J et al. Prediction of outcome in individuals with diabetic foot ulcers: focus on the differences between individuals with and without peripheral arterial disease: The EURODIALE Study. Diabetologia 2008; 51(5): 747–755.
5. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Murdoch DP et al. Validation of the Infectious Diseases society of America’s diabetic foot infection classification system. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44(4): 562–565.
6. Skrepnek GH, Armstrong DG, Mills JL. Open bypass and endovascular procedures among diabetic foot ulcer cases in the United States from 2001 to 2010. J Vasc Surg 2014; 60(5): 1255–1264.
7. Richard JL, Lavigne JP, Sotto A. Diabetes and foot infection: more than double trouble. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2012; 28(Suppl 1): S46-S53.
8. Gardner SE, Frantz RA. Wound bioburden and infection-related complications in diabetic foot ulcers. Biol Res Nurs 2008; 10(1): 44–53.
9. Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Cornia PB et al. 2012 Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 54(12): e132-e173.
10. Brem H, Tomic-Canic M. Cellular and molecular basis of wound healing in diabetes. J Clin Invest 2007; 117(5): 1219–1222.
11. Richard JL, Sotto A, Lavigne JP. New insights in diabetic foot infection. World J Diabetes 2011; 2(2): 24–32.
12. Cutting KF, White R. Defined and refined: criteria for identifying wound infection revisited. Br J Community Nurs 2004; 9(3): S6-S15.
13. Gardner SE, Hillis SL, Frantz RA. Clinical signs of infection in diabetic foot ulcers with high microbial load. Biol Res Nurs 2009; 11(2): 119–128.
14. Xu L, McLennan SV, Lo L et al. Bacterial load predicts healing rate in neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(2): 378–380.
15. Gardner SE, Haleem A, Jao YL et al. Cultures of diabetic foot ulcers without clinical signs of infection do not predict outcomes. Diabetes Care 2014; 37(10): 2693–2701.
16. Roberts AD, Simon GL. Diabetic foot infections: the role of microbiology and antibiotic treatment. Semin Vasc Surg 2012; 25(2): 75–81.
17. Uçkay I, Gariani K, Pataky Z et al. Diabetic foot infections: state-of the-art. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 16(4): 305–316.
18. Armstrong DG, Lavery LA, Nixon BP et al. It’s not what you put on, but what you take off: techniques for debriding and off-loading the diabetic foot wound. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39(Suppl 2): S92-S99.
19. Lavigne JP, Sotto A, Dunyach-Remy C et al. New Molecular Techniques to Study the Skin Microbiota of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4(1): 38–49.
20. Sotto A, Lina G, Richard JL et al. Virulence potential of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers: a new paradigm. Diabetes Care 2008; 31(12): 2318–2324.
21. Wolcott RD, Cox SB, Dowd SE. Healing and healing rates of chronic wounds in the age of molecular pathogen diagnostics. J Wound Care 2010; 19(7): 272–278.
22. Lipsky BA, Richard JL, Lavigne JP. Diabetic foot ulcer microbiome: one small step for molecular microbiology. One giant leap for understanding diabetic foot ulcers? Diabetes 2013; 62(3): 679–681.
23. Senneville E, Melliez H, Beltrand E et al. Culture of percutaneous bone biopsy specimens for diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis: concordance with ulcer swab cultures. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42(1): 57–62.
24. Senneville E, Morant H, Descamps D et al. Needle puncture and transcutaneous bone biopsy cultures are inconsistent in patients with diabetes and suspected osteomyelitis of the foot. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 48(7): 888–893.
25. Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Diabetic foot infections: stepwise medical and surgical management. Int Wound J 2004; 1(2): 123–132.
26. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Murdoch DP et al. Validation of the Infectious Diseases Society of America’s diabetic foot infection classification system. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44(4): 562–565.
27. Jeandrot A, Richard JL, Combescure C et al. Serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein concentrations to distinguish mildly infected from non-infected diabetic foot ulcers: a pilot study. Diabetologia 2008; 51(2): 347–352.
28. Schaper NC, Apelqvist J, Bakker K. The international consensus and practical guidelines on the management and prevention of the diabetic foot. Curr Diab Rep 2003; 3(6): 475–479.
29. Uzun G, Solmazgul E, Curuksulu H et al. Procalcitonin as a diagnostic aid in diabetic foot infections. Tohoku J Exp Med 2007; 213(4): 305–312.
30. Lipsky BA, Sheehan P, Armstrong DG et al. Clinical predictors of treatment failure for diabetic foot infections: data from a prospective trial. Int Wound J 2007; 4(1): 30–38.
31. Akinci B, Yener S, Yesil S et al. Acute phase reactants predict the risk of amputation in diabetic foot infection. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2011; 101(1): 1–6.
32. Syndrom diabetické nohy : mezinárodní konsenzus vypracovaný Mezinárodní pracovní skupinou pro syndrom diabetické nohy .Galén: Praha 2000. ISBN 80–7262–051–7.
33. Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Deery HG et al. Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39(7): 885–910.
34. Lipsky BA, Rerendt AR, Embil J et al. Diagnosing and treating diabetic foot infections. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2004; 20(Suppl 1): S56-S64.
35. Mason J, Keeffet CO, Hutschinson A et al. A systematic review of foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. II: treatment. Diabet Med 1999; 16(11): 889–909.
36. Caputo G, Cavanagh PR, Ulbrecht JS et al. Assessment and management of foot disease in patients with diabetes. N Eng J Med 1994; 331(13): 854–860.
37. Grayson ML, Gibbons GW, Balogh K et al. Probing to bone in infected pedal ulcers. JAMA 1995; 273(9): 721–723.
38. Dyet JF, Ettles DF, Nicholson AA et al. The role of radiology in the assesment and treatment of diabetic foot. In: Boulton AJM, Connor H, Cavanagh PR (eds). The foot in diabetes. 3rd ed. Wiley-Blackwell: Chichester 2000 : 193–213. ISBN 978–0471489740.
39. Lew DP, Waldvogel FA. Osteomyelitis. N Eng J Med 1997; 336(14): 999–1007.
Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicine
Article was published inInternal Medicine
2015 Issue 4-
All articles in this issue
- Biosimilar insulines – new possibilities of diabetes treatment
- The treatment of diabetes in patients with liver and renal impairment
- Possibilities of therapy GLP1 RA for diabetics with nephropathy
- Treatment of GLP1 receptor agonists and body mass control
- Treatment of an elderly patients with diabetes
- Issues of infection related to diabetic foot syndrome
- Treatment of hypertension in diabetes mellitus
- Physical activity in patients with microvascular complications of diabetes
- Glycation of lens proteins in diabetes and its non-invasive assessment – first experience in the Czech Republic
- miRNA-192, miRNA-21 and miRNA-200: new pancreatic cancer markers in diabetic patients?
- Progress in the development of insulin pumps and their advanced automatic functions
- The microbial flora in the digestive tract and diabetes
- Myokines – muscle tissue hormones
- The position of new antidiabetics in clinical practice: SGLT2 vs DPP4 inhibitors
-
Do diabetologists choose a therapy rationally?
Basic results of the PROROK project (A prospective observation project to assess the relevance of the difference between fasting glycemia and postprandial glycemia to estimation of success of type 2 diabetes therapy)
- Internal Medicine
- Journal archive
- Current issue
- Online only
- About the journal
Most read in this issue- Myokines – muscle tissue hormones
- The treatment of diabetes in patients with liver and renal impairment
- Treatment of GLP1 receptor agonists and body mass control
- Treatment of hypertension in diabetes mellitus
Login#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#Forgotten passwordEnter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.
- Career