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News The Latest Updates of ESC Recommendations for Heart Failure Treatment
What is new in heart failure therapy? At the annual congress of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), held from August 25–28, 2023 in Amsterdam, updates to clinical guidelines were traditionally presented. One of these was an update to the 2021 recommendations concerning the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure (HF). Below you will find a brief summary of the key changes.
News Limosilactobacillus reuteri as a supplement for improving periodontal health when oral hygiene is compromised
The effect of probiotics on periodontal health was investigated in a German study conducted on a group of sailors during their service at sea. Among the most common causes of the overgrowth of virulent pro-inflammatory microorganisms in the oral microbiota is impaired oral hygiene, which is significantly hindered in the conditions of a naval mission.
News Positive Effect of Pregabalin Not Only on Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injury is often accompanied by painful conditions. A study published in the prestigious journal Neurology demonstrated that administering pregabalin to these patients can bring more than just pain relief.
News Scientists Decipher the Perception of Bitter Taste. How Will This Help in the Development of New Drugs?
Taste receptors are a known phenomenon, but how exactly does taste perception occur? Scientists from the University of North Carolina focused on bitter taste, as it often accompanies medications. They hope their research will allow the application of their findings, for example, in the development of treatments for obesity or diabetes mellitus (DM).
News Meta-analysis of the Metabolic Effects of Second-generation Antipsychotics
Second-generation antipsychotics used in the therapy of schizophrenia exhibit varying metabolic profiles. A recently conducted meta-analysis by Italian authors investigated the impact of second-generation antipsychotics on weight gain, BMI, lipid spectrum, and glycemia.
News Valproate for Acute Mania: Is Practice Really Evidence-Based and Recommended?
Authors from the University of Western Ontario conducted an audit in an acute psychiatric intake unit to determine whether the prescription of valproate there corresponded to evidence-based recommendations.
News Is it possible to predict survival time based on laboratory or radiological findings in patients with IPF?
High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging of the lungs is a fundamental examination in diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). According to experts from the Mayo Clinic, it can also serve as a tool for more accurate prediction of survival time in IPF patients.
News When the Cause of Hematomas in Anticoagulated Patients is Not Anticoagulants – Case Report
Not every bleeding during anticoagulation, especially if within the therapeutic range, can be attributed to this treatment. Particularly in older individuals and the presence of typical extensive hematomas, it is necessary to consider another cause, such as acquired hemophilia A. The following case report illustrates how such a case can be detected and what can be done to improve the patient's prognosis.
News Trifluridine/tipiracil in Real Clinical Practice – Current Data from Spain
Trifluridine/tipiracil is indicated for the treatment of patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), where clinical studies have shown it extends overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). At this year's virtual World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer of the European Society for Clinical Oncology (ESMO), held from June 30, a Spanish study on the efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil in real-world clinical practice was presented.
News How to Care for Dialysis Patients in the Times of COVID-19
More than 2 million people worldwide undergo maintenance hemodialysis in outpatient centers. Effective prevention of the spread of infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus within the care provided by hemodialysis centers is essential for the smooth provision of dialysis to patients with end-stage renal disease. The following work from experts in Boston is based on their experiences as well as recommendations from the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
News Comparison of Enoxaparin and Unfractionated Heparin in Hospitalized Patients in Terms of Clinical and Cost Effectiveness
Thromboembolic disease represents one of the severe complications in hospitalized patients. Low molecular weight and unfractionated heparin are most commonly used during hospitalization as part of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. An extensive study conducted in the United States evaluated the clinical and cost-effectiveness and safety of both therapy modalities in hospitalized patients at risk of thromboembolic disease.
News Adequate Anti-Xa Levels Are More Often Achieved in Trauma Patients When Dosing Enoxaparin Based on Weight
Thromboembolic disease (TED) is a well-known preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. To improve their prognosis, pharmacological thromboprophylaxis, such as with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), is an essential part of treatment. However, previously published studies have pointed out that standard dosing of LMWH may be associated with insufficient levels of activity measured using the anti-Xa parameter.
News Polatuzumab Vedotin in Combination Treatment of Patients with R/R DLBCL
Polatuzumab Vedotin is a conjugate of a cytostatic agent and an antibody against CD79b, a component of the B-lymphocyte receptor typically expressed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells. In combination with bendamustine and rituximab (pola-BR), this drug is administered in the 3rd and subsequent lines of treatment for relapsed or refractory (R/R) DLBCL. If allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is not feasible, patients with R/R DLBCL generally have a very poor prognosis, with limited further treatment options. However, at the 61st American Society of Hematology (ASH) congress held in December 2019 in Orlando, promising results were presented from extended follow-up of patients treated in clinical studies with the pola-BR combination.
News Long-term Benefit of Sotorasib for Survival of Patients with Pre-treated Advanced/Metastatic NSCLC with G12C Mutation of KRAS Oncogene
Sotorasib is indicated as monotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the KRASG12C gene mutation, if there has been progression after ≥ 1 prior line of systemic therapy. The 2-year analysis of data from the CodeBreaK 100 study published in April 2023 demonstrated the long-term benefit of sotorasib for this patient population in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), regardless of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) receptor expression, including patients with a poor prognosis. In the Czech Republic, sotorasib has been reimbursed by public health insurance for this indication since September 2023.
News Is Baricitinib Suitable for Long-Term Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
The nature of rheumatoid arthritis requires effective and long-term treatment. The current analysis of data from the long-term extension RA-BEYOND reveals the potential of baricitinib in maintaining low disease activity and remission with long-term use.
News Results of ATTUNE Total Knee Replacement Implantation – Data from the National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man
The ATTUNE knee replacement system was fully introduced into clinical practice in 2013. Since then, tens of thousands of implants have been administered to patients worldwide. The mid-term results are very positive, as evidenced by data from the National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man.
News HPD 2024: Bronchitis as an Early Feature of PreCOPD, Role of Mucus Plugs in COPD, and New Findings on Their Exacerbations
Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly affect disease progression, quality of life, survival, and cardiovascular events. What to do about them and how to address them most effectively? Why should future treatment also focus more on mucus plugs? And why is it important to consider COPD even in healthy smokers? These topics were discussed by Professor Jadwiga Wedzicha from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London during a symposium supported by Angelini at this year's XXVIII Hradec Pulmonary Days.
News Summary of Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Invasive Fungal Infections in Pediatric Patients with Leukemia and Post Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Invasive fungal diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised pediatric patients with leukemia and post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. During the 8th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-8) in 2020, the pediatric group reviewed and updated recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of invasive fungal infections in pediatric patients.
News fSCIG in Elderly Patients with PID or SID in Real Clinical Practice
The work of a team of German and Dutch authors presents data on the real clinical use of 10% subcutaneous immunoglobulin facilitated by hyaluronidase (fSCIG) in elderly patients with primary (PID) or secondary (SID) immunodeficiency.
News Facilitated Immunoglobulin Substitution Therapy in Paediatric Patients with Immunodeficiency – Real-World Data
Patients with humoral immunodeficiency are indicated for immunoglobulin substitution therapy. The study presented below summarizes real-world data concerning the latest substitution method (i.e., facilitated subcutaneous administration) in paediatric patients.
News Impact of Rehabilitation on the Health of Patients with COPD
According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), pulmonary rehabilitation is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for reducing dyspnea, improving physical performance, and enhancing quality of life. Below, we summarize current insights on the effectiveness and possibilities of rehabilitation for these patients.
News Treatment of COPD in Individuals with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
A mutation in the gene for alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), leading to its deficiency (AATD), causes progressive irreversible destruction of lung tissue. Patients develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and early emphysema. Several studies evaluating COPD treatment have excluded patients with AATD. The aim of the following systematic literature review was to find and analyze works that include patients with concurrent COPD and AATD and summarize key findings that may form the basis for treatment decisions.
News Options for Anticoagulant Therapy During Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: Safety and Efficiency of Bridging with Dabigatran Compared to Interruption of NOACs
Catheter ablation is an established method for treating supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Patients with atrial fibrillation should also use anticoagulant therapy to prevent thromboembolic events, even during ablation. The number of patients being treated with new anticoagulants (NOACs) is increasing, but the use of direct factor Xa inhibitors poses a risk of life-threatening bleeding during catheterization if a specific antidote is not available at the healthcare facility. Options to prevent this complication include short-term switching to dabigatran or complete interruption of NOACs therapy with temporary heparin support. The aim of the presented study was to compare the safety and feasibility of both methods.