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News Dupilumab Improves Skin and Systemic Symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis
A clinical study conducted in the USA and Canada demonstrated the efficacy of dupilumab in treating moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, improving both skin symptoms and suppressing systemic inflammatory markers.
News When to Suspect Dravet Syndrome?
In 2022, an international consensus panel of experts on the diagnosis and treatment of Dravet syndrome was published. This was created due to the recently approved specific treatments for this disease and the development of disease-modifying therapies. The goal of the consensus is to improve diagnosis, set therapeutic goals, and optimal treatment procedures. We summarize the symptoms of the disease and situations in which genetic testing of the causal mutation is appropriate.
News Thyroid Function During COVID-19 Illness and After Recovery
Acute infection with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has varying impacts on different organ systems of the human body. Until now, it has not been certain how precisely it affects the endocrine system, especially the thyroid gland. The study presented below investigated how thyroid function changes in relation to the course of COVID-19 infection.
News Efficacy and Safety of Ultrahypofractionated Proton Therapy in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer in Real-World Czech Practice
A team from the Prague Proton Therapy Center, led by Associate Professor Jiří Kubeš, published a study with nearly 300 patients in the prestigious International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. It demonstrates the significant efficacy and low toxicity of the ultrahypofractionated proton therapy regimen in patients with prostate cancer. We summarize the main results.
News Memantine, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, and Their Combination in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease − Findings from Meta-Analyses
Is memantine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (donepezil), or their combination more advantageous in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease? Two meta-analyses tried to answer this question, and we summarize their conclusions in the following article.
News Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in the Global Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic
A cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and rate of depression, anxiety, and stress among individuals from various countries around the world during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and initial measures to combat the spread of the infection. The impacts on individual subgroups of the population were also analyzed.
News New Recommendations for Intravenous Thrombolysis in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke – ESO Guidelines 2021
Intravenous thrombolysis is the only approved systemic reperfusion therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The most commonly used thrombolytic is alteplase. Earlier this year, the European Stroke Organisation (ESO) issued new evidence-based recommendations for this clinical situation. They contain 40 points, summarized below are the most important ones.
News Assessment of Infection Risk in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Various DMDs
Although the increased risk of infections with some disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) is known, we still lack sufficient real-world clinical data to evaluate and compare the risk levels of individual drugs. A Swedish study therefore provides information about these risks with glatiramer acetate, beta interferon, natalizumab, fingolimod, and rituximab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS).
News IPFchecker Project Helps Detect Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a serious progressive disease of the lung tissue of unclear etiology. Highly effective antifibrotic therapy is used in treatment, which can significantly prolong the lives of patients. However, timely detection of the disease is necessary for treatment success. For this purpose, the IPFchecker web application has been created, which helps radiologists and pulmonologists with more accurate diagnosis and timely detection of the disease.
News Brain Metastases Are Not an Absolute Contraindication for Antiplatelet Therapy
On one hand, there's a higher risk of thromboembolic events, and on the other, a higher risk of intracranial bleeding. Prophylactic and therapeutic interventions for blood clotting are necessary for cancer patients in indicated cases. But what about the risk of bleeding in patients with CNS malignancies?
News Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
To date, 45 cases of idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection have been published in the literature. In September 2020, a review summarizing the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of ITP in these individuals was released.
News Generic Substitution of Levothyroxine in Practice
The active ingredient levothyroxine is found in a significant number of medicinal products (MP) in the Czech Republic. The question of its generic substitution remains current, primarily because the previously published data tend to call for caution due to possible adverse effects on the patient.
News Innovative Form of Levothyroxine Ensures Accurate Dosing for Patients
In the treatment of hypothyroidism, precise dosing of replacement therapy is critical. An innovative formulation of levothyroxine has been developed to meet the updated, stricter standards of regulatory authorities, thereby ensuring the desired therapeutic effect.
News Trazodone with Extended Release Improves Patient Compliance
Since 2015, the antidepressant trazodone is available in the Czech Republic in a controlled-release formulation. A sufficiently high plasma level for 24 hours without fluctuation allows for administration only once a day, while eliminating side effects.
News Treatment with Osimertinib in Patients with NSCLC After Disease Progression on Previous Therapy – Case Study
We present a case study of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proven activating mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, who developed resistance to the first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) gefitinib during treatment. After the secondary mutation EGFR T790M was confirmed, osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR TKI, was introduced, resulting in disease regression, which is ongoing. This case study illustrates the significance of the role of osimertinib in the treatment of patients with NSCLC with an activating EGFR mutation, whose disease progresses during treatment with first and second-generation EGFR TKIs due to the emergence of the secondary EGFR T790M mutation.
News Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Processes Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Interstitial lung processes (ILD) are common yet insufficiently diagnosed complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of patients. ILD can occur at any stage of RA, presenting a diverse clinical picture. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) are the most common findings on high-resolution CT (HRCT). Some patients with RA-associated ILD may exhibit a progressive phenotype characterized by expanding fibrotic changes on HRCT, declining lung function, worsening respiratory symptoms, and early mortality. A recently published review summarizes strategies for screening, monitoring, and managing ILD in RA.
News Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets in the Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Anticoagulants and antiplatelets are a key part of the therapeutic strategies used in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). They reduce the risk of acute and late complications, morbidity, and mortality in patients. On the other hand, their main disadvantage is the potential occurrence of bleeding complications. Therefore, the goal of physicians is to use these medications appropriately, maximizing benefits for patients while minimizing the risk of bleeding.
News Intestinal Infection of Multi-Resistant NDM-Producing K. pneumoniae in a Patient with NK/T Lymphoma – Case Study
The incidence of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasing worldwide. NDM beta-lactamase is a significant cause of multidrug resistance in enterobacteria to various antibiotics, including carbapenems. Currently, the most suitable approach for the treatment of intestinal infections caused by NDM-producing K. pneumoniae is considered to be the combination of ceftazidime/avibactam with aztreonam. The following case study also illustrates its use in more complicated cases.
News How TPO-RA Drugs Fared in Meta-Analyses of Safety and Efficacy in ITP Patients
Meta-analyses regarding the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) evaluated their efficacy and safety in the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia over long-term follow-ups. What findings did they uncover?
News Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia: Choice of TPO Mimetics in Clinical Practice
Real-world data show that the administration of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in immune thrombocytopenia leads to a high percentage of treatment responses, and in some patients, it is possible to achieve a stable response without the need for further treatment after discontinuation.
News Use of Targeted Therapy with Dupilumab in Patients with Allergic Diseases
Interleukins (IL) 4 and 13 play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Their blockade is therefore a suitable strategy for a number of these conditions. This is offered by the new monoclonal antibody dupilumab (Dupixent), which is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma with type 2 inflammation, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Studies are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy in other diseases where type 2 inflammation predominates.