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News Characteristics of Patients with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency – Two-Year Data from the EARCO Registry
The international registry of individuals with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) named EARCO has collected data on 1,044 patients from 15 countries, including the Czech Republic, over its first 2 years of existence. In December 2022, the characteristics of patients enrolled from February 2020 to May 2022 were published. They provide information on the prevalence of AATD genotypes, their clinical phenotypes, factors associated with worsening lung function, and the impact of augmentation therapy.
News To what extent does the delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of AATD affect patient survival?
The risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increased, among other things, by a deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AATD). However, there is often a delay between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of AATD, which is associated with worse clinical and functional status and a more advanced stage of the disease. The study presented below examined how this fact further affects patient survival.
News Young man with nephrotic syndrome and portal vein thrombus successfully treated with edoxaban − case report
Venous thrombosis is one of the main complications of nephrotic syndrome (NS), though it is most often located in the renal vein. The following case report describes an adult patient with relapsing corticosteroid-dependent minimal change disease complicated by portal vein thrombosis and subsequent successful treatment with edoxaban.
News EAHAD 2024: Fresh results of paradigm5 and 6 studies confirm safety and efficacy of N9-GP
Nonacog beta pegol (N9-GP) is a recombinant factor IX with an extended half-life. Its properties allow for the maintenance of a satisfactorily high level of FIX with intravenous application once a week. At the 17th Annual Congress of the European Association for Haemophilia and Allied Disorders (EAHAD), held in early February 2024 in Frankfurt, new findings on this treatment were presented during a satellite symposium by Novo Nordisk.
News Finger on the Pulse of the Times with Automated Peritoneal Dialysis and Remote Patient Monitoring
The method of peritoneal dialysis brings many advantages to patients with chronic kidney disease and significantly eases their lives. Peritoneal dialysis saves time for both the patients themselves and the attending healthcare personnel. Modern medicine now offers an innovative tool that can remotely monitor the patient's condition, with the possibility of adjusting the treatment regimen.
News Addition of ixazomib to lenalidomide and dexamethasone in multiple myeloma − Data from real-world Czech practice
A group of Czech and Slovak experts led by Associate Professor Jiří Minařík from the Hemato-Oncology Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine UP and University Hospital Olomouc published the final results of an observational study evaluating the addition of ixazomib to the combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsing/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). This involves experiences from real clinical practice, with data obtained from the Czech Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies.
News Effect of Combination of Dorzolamide with Timolol for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration
In some eyes with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), exudation does not stop despite frequent intravitreal injections of vascular endothelial factor blockers (anti-VEGF). Adjuvant therapy that reduces edema may improve overall treatment outcomes concerning visual functions. A recently published multicenter randomized clinical study evaluated the effect of local therapy combining dorzolamide and timolol in patients with this issue.
News Position of aPCC in the Treatment of Hemophilia A Complicated by the Development of Inhibitors
Activated prothrombin complex concentrates (aPCC) are essential drugs that not only allow the control of bleeding in patients with congenital hemophilia A and inhibitors but also help to prevent such bleeding. A recent review article by experts from several European institutions provides an up-to-date view of the development, challenges, and future directions in the use of aPCC in the treatment of hemophilia.
News Pharmacokinetics and Safety Profile of Bilastine in Patients Aged 6–11 Years – Findings from Post-hoc Analysis of Studies
The second-generation antihistamine bilastine is approved in Europe for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria in children over 6 years old. Post-hoc analyses of two clinical studies focused on its safety profile and pharmacokinetics in the pediatric population.
News Is exposure to mite allergens in breast milk or house dust a risk factor for asthma and allergies in childhood?
Exposure to mite allergens occurs early in life from both breast milk and house dust (especially bedding). The study presented below examined the impact of exposure to the dominant mite allergen Der p 1 on serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and the development of bronchial asthma in childhood.
News How Does Empagliflozin Stand in Terms of Diabetic Retinopathy Risk? We Have Answers Not Only from Controlled Studies but Also from Real Practice
Modern antidiabetics – gliflozins and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) – significantly help improve the management of type 2 diabetes (DM2). In addition to reliable glycemic control, they offer other benefits. For example, gliflozins are known for their cardio- and renoprotective properties. GLP-1RA also reduce cardiovascular (CV) risk, though clinical evaluation (SUSTAIN-6) suggests a possible higher risk of retinopathy. This is also being investigated with gliflozins. How empagliflozin fares in this respect has been shown by the prospective randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME study and the real-world EMPRISE evaluation.
News Effectiveness of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Real-World Clinical Practice
One of the new modalities for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is tofacitinib. Its effectiveness has already been demonstrated in clinical studies and is now being proven in real-world clinical practice, where we can evaluate the results of patients who could not be included in clinical trials or those with refractory disease.
News Current Recommendations for Using SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Renal or Cardiovascular Risk
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a serious chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence has been increasing in recent years. Currently, diabetics make up approximately 8−10% of the population. The therapy is traditionally focused primarily on suppressing the development and progression of diabetic complications, but modern antidiabetics have also brought other unprecedented benefits. The following text summarizes the role of gliflozins in the pharmacotherapy of DM2 in light of current recommendations.
News INFOGRAPHIC: Diagnostic Algorithm for Cardiac Amyloidosis
What examinations are needed when cardiac amyloidosis is suspected? Which tests can distinguish transthyretin amyloidosis from systemic disease caused by immunoglobulin light chains? We bring you a clear diagnostic scheme according to the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).
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News Effects of Progestins in Combination with EE on Endothelial Function, Lipid Levels, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Endometriosis
Studies have shown endothelial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress in women with endometriosis. Theoretically, they may be at increased cardiovascular risk. The study presented below investigated the effects of progestins with or without androgenic properties in combination with ethinylestradiol (EE) on endothelial function, lipid levels, and oxidative stress in women with endometriosis.
News Efficacy of Dabigatran on Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
The direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran has shown interesting efficacy in a smaller clinical study in patients with atrial fibrillation and a thrombus in the left atrial appendage. Chinese authors evaluated the results of anticoagulant therapy using transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography.
News Prognostic Significance of Lymphopenia for Stratification of Patients with Follicular Lymphoma
The therapy of follicular lymphoma (FL) is guided by several prognostic indices, such as the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI). The retrospective analysis of 736 patients with FL presented below introduces a prognostic model combining FLIPI and absolute lymphopenia into an integrated FLIPI-L index. Absolute lymphopenia is crucial for stratifying patient OS and the risk of transformation.
News Experiences with treating PBC with obeticholic acid in Brno's CKTCH
MUDr. Libuše Husová, Ph.D., shared the current insights from the therapy of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) using obeticholic acid (OCA) gained at the Center for Cardiovascular and Transplantation Surgery in Brno (CKTCH) during the XLVIII May Hepatology Days.
News Metamizole as an Analgesic with a Favorable Benefit-Risk Ratio
Metamizole is a well-established and widely used molecule in many countries worldwide, suitable as an alternative to opioids for patients with moderate to severe acute or chronic pain. The popularity of this drug is associated not only with its efficacy but also with its safety, with no contraindications for patients with cardiovascular, renal, or gastrointestinal comorbidities.
News Relationship between Thyroid Gland Echogenicity and Its Function in Pediatric Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Hashimoto's (chronic lymphocytic) thyroiditis is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism in both adults and pediatric patients in developed countries. The study presented below explored the relationship between thyroid gland (TG) echogenicity observed in ultrasound (US) examinations and its function in patients diagnosed with this condition.
News What Shape and Size of Tablets Do Our Patients Prefer?
The size and shape of tablets can affect patients' compliance with treatment. The following article provides an overview of conclusions from two foreign studies focused on influencing the difficulty of swallowing and handling tablets depending on their shape and size.
News Results of a 10-year follow-up on the safety and efficacy of etanercept treatment in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is defined as persistent arthritis of unknown etiology lasting > 6 weeks with the first onset before the age of 16. In the treatment of JIA, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), intra-articular corticosteroid injections, and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are typically utilized. In case of inadequate response, targeted biological therapy can also be used. An effective and well-tolerated drug for the treatment of polyarticular JIA is the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor etanercept. The results of its use in various forms of JIA were examined in the CLIPPER and CLIPPER2 studies.
News Proton radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma increases chances of successful treatment
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma mainly affects younger people. It tends to be aggressive but responds very well to treatment – up to 85% of patients with this diagnosis can achieve long-term tumor disappearance with proton radiotherapy, and a significant portion of patients even completely recover. The two-year treatment results for patients with very advanced nasopharyngeal tumors, which confirmed these conclusions, were published 2 years ago by a team from Prague's Proton Therapy Center (PTC).
News Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis – Spanish Experience from Real Practice
Cardiac amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils in the myocardium and is among the diseases with significant diagnostic delay. Physicians from the University Hospital in Madrid shared their experiences with the diagnosis and treatment of these patients over the last decade in the cited work below.