Search results: (10000)
News HVD 2023: Cervical Cancer May Be the First Eliminated Malignancy. What Paths Will Lead to This Goal in the Czech Republic?
Cervical cancer is the 3rd most common cancer among women aged 15–44. Annually, it is diagnosed in 750–800 women in our country, and every 29 hours, one woman dies from it in the Czech Republic. However, it could become the first oncological disease that can be eliminated. How to achieve this was discussed by the chairman of the Czech Vaccinological Society ČLS JEP and Dean of the Faculty of Military Medicine at the University of Defense in Hradec Králové, Prof. MUDr. Roman Chlíbek, Ph.D., at a symposium supported by MSD during the October XVIII. Hradec Vaccinology Days (HVD).
News Incidence and Risk Factors of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hematologic Oncologic Patients
Patients with hematologic malignancies are at higher risk of infectious diseases, particularly community-acquired pneumonia, due to immunosuppression. However, recent data providing information on the incidence and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in this patient group are quite limited. The aim of the cohort study published by Dutch authors was therefore to supplement the missing recent information on the issue of community-acquired pneumonia in hematologic oncologic patients.
News Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Associated with Antiresorptive Pharmacotherapy in Oncological Patients
Antiresorptive pharmacotherapy in the form of bisphosphonates and denosumab is associated, according to current knowledge, with the risk of jaw osteonecrosis, especially following dental procedures such as tooth extractions. The aim of the newly published systematic review was therefore to evaluate the incidence of this complication following dental extractions in connection with the administration of antiresorptive medication and to identify risk factors for jaw osteonecrosis in oncological patients.
News Domestic application of biological asthma treatment improves quality of life and reduces doctor visits
The benefits of the possibility of home application of omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody indicated for patients with severe allergic asthma, are summarized by Dr. Jakub Novosad, Ph.D., from the Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota of Patients with IBS May Predetermine the Success of a Diet with Low Fermentable Carbohydrates
Some patients with irritable bowel syndrome may benefit from a diet low in fermentable carbohydrates, but the mechanism of this intervention is not yet satisfactorily explained. A study published in Gut focused on the relationship between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and clinical response to dietary intervention.
News The Role of Inflammation in the Cardiovascular Continuum and the Aging Process
Inflammation plays a role at various stages of the cardiovascular (CV) continuum, in both atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic CV diseases. Where to look for inflammation in the pathophysiology of CV diseases, why inflammation is related to aging, and how to utilize these findings in clinical practice was explained in a lecture by MUDr. Peter Wohlfahrt, Ph.D., from the Center of Preventive Cardiology IKEM in Prague, at the XXXII Annual Meeting of the Czech Cardiology Society.
News Recommendations for the diagnosis of ITP in adults and children according to ASH guidelines
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) guidelines from 2019 highlighted several important aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of ITP that have remained unchanged from the 2011 guidelines.
News How to Prevent and Treat Thromboembolic Disease in Cancer Patients
Malignancy is one of the risk factors for the development of thromboembolic disease (TED). Venous thromboembolism is considered the second most common cause of death in cancer patients, with the top cause being the cancer itself. Therefore, optimal treatment and timely prevention of these complications is very important.
News Safety of Metamizole in Adult Patients – Meta-analysis of 79 Studies
Metamizole is a non-opioid analgesic with antipyretic and spasmolytic effects that has been used for over 100 years. It is approved for the treatment of children and adults in various dosage forms. German authors conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of clinical studies to evaluate its safety compared to placebo and other analgesics in adult patients.
News Perioperative Management in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Treated with NOACs
The recommended procedures for perioperative management in patients using novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) stem from the requirement to minimize treatment interruption before and after surgical procedures to reduce the risk of bleeding and thromboembolism. The safety of these regimens in patients with atrial fibrillation was examined in the prospective PAUSE study presented below.
News Dynamics of Allergy Development in Children
The prevalence of allergic diseases in children in developed countries has been steadily increasing in recent decades. Slovak authors attempted to describe the dynamics of the development of allergic symptoms in a prospective cohort of children who developed atopic dermatitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, wheezing, urticaria, or food allergy within the first 5 years of life.
News Effect of Initiation of Warfarin Therapy on the Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Anticoagulant therapy is essential in patients with atrial fibrillation for the prevention of thromboembolic events. Warfarin is a highly effective anticoagulant, but the introduction of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has offered certain advantages over it. Shortly after starting warfarin therapy, patients have repeatedly been shown to have a paradoxically increased risk of developing ischemic stroke. The aim of the study presented below was to determine whether this increase in risk is associated with the initiation of anticoagulant therapy.
News 48 Tablets of Teriflunomide? Nothing Should Be Overdone! − Case Study
A case study published in the Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics describes an overdose of teriflunomide, specifically the ingestion of 672 mg of this drug. What measures did the doctors take with the patient? And were they able to prevent serious consequences?
News Testing RAS Gene Mutations in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Correct identification of the RAS oncogene variant is crucial for deciding the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. Information on the prevalence of individual RAS gene mutations varies significantly in the literature, which may be due to different testing methods. The authors of the presented analysis focused on how the approach to testing RAS variants has evolved over time in Europe.
News Nearly 20 Years with Bevacizumab Has Brought Hope for Patients and Deeper Understanding of Solid Tumors
Bevacizumab is among the first targeted therapies used in oncology. For many indications where chemotherapy options had been exhausted and few other treatment modalities were available, it changed the treatment approach and brought patients prolonged progression-free survival or even overall survival. It has become a standard of care for many advanced cancers. What do we know today about this monoclonal antibody, first introduced in routine practice in 2005?
News Previous Treatment of Osteoporosis May Affect the Efficacy of Romosozumab
A study conducted by a team of authors from several clinical sites in Japan shows that the type and duration of previous osteoporosis treatment just before starting romosozumab affects its therapeutic effect. Romosozumab, as an antibody targeting sclerostin, stimulates bone formation and suppresses bone resorption. The authors of the study investigated whether the efficacy of 12-month treatment with romosozumab depends on the duration of prior treatment with teriparatide, denosumab, or oral bisphosphonates.
News Benefit of Maintenance Therapy with Olaparib in Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer
The SOLO-1 study evaluated whether the use of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in the maintenance treatment of patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer with BRCA 1/2 mutation leads to an improved prognosis for these patients.
News Safety and Tolerance of Metamizole in Postoperative Analgesia in Children
Due to the potential serious side effects of metamizole, the use of this drug in children is often a topic of discussion. Therefore, a prospective multicenter observational non-interventional post-marketing safety study aimed to evaluate the safety of using metamizole in children, with an emphasis on hemodynamic, anaphylactic, or respiratory reactions and agranulocytosis.
News Cardiovascular Risks in Schizophrenics: What Are They Related To and How To Eliminate Them?
Schizophrenia affects about 1% of the population. This disease is associated, among other things, with increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. What is the cause and what to focus on in primary prevention?
News What situations can arise in PBC treatment with obeticholic acid? Answers provided by case studies from real practice at CKTCH
The Hradec Gastroenterology Days 2023 were traditionally held in March at the Educational Center of the Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, in the area of University Hospital Hradec Králové. The expert program included a lecture by MUDr. Libuše Husová, Ph.D., from the Cardio-surgical and Transplant Surgery Center Brno (CKTCH), who highlighted various situations that can arise during the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with three case studies.