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News Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Antidiabetics in Treating Gestational DM
What efficacy and safety do insulin, metformin, or the sulfonylurea derivative glibenclamide (glyburide) offer in lowering glucose levels in women with gestational diabetes? The authors of a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials used a probabilistic model – a Bayesian network – to answer this question.
News Curative Potential of Neoadjuvant Denosumab in the Treatment of Giant Cell Spinal Tumor? A Case Study
Portuguese authors present a case study of a young woman diagnosed with a giant cell spinal tumor who achieved complete histological remission following denosumab treatment.
News Favorable effect of linagliptin on renal endothelial functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Diabetic nephropathy is the cause of up to 50% of cases of end-stage chronic kidney disease. The main pathological mechanism involved in the development of the early stage of diabetic nephropathy is endothelial dysfunction. The aim of the German study was to evaluate the effects of linagliptin on endothelial function in the renal vasculature.
News Diabetic Retinopathy: A Blind Diabetic as Proof of Serious Neglect of Prevention
Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness in working-age patients in developed countries. Early detection of diabetic retinopathy offers a chance to preserve vision. Therefore, careful screening and timely initiation of treatment are crucial.
News How to Determine the Optimal Target Value of Intraocular Pressure in Glaucoma Treatment?
Glaucoma remains the second most common cause of blindness in Europe. Therapy needs to be individualized with regard to the severity of the condition, expected lifespan, and the rate of disease progression. Which factors should we consider when determining the optimal target value of intraocular pressure (IOP) for a particular patient?
News Parenteral Nutrition in Oncological Patients in Current ESPEN Recommendations
The current guidelines of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) address nutritional care in oncological patients − current knowledge is summarized in a total of 43 recommendations, from which we select some key points, focusing primarily on parenteral nutrition in these patients.
News Therapy of Chronic Leg Ulcers According to Evidence-Based Medicine
Chronic ulcers on the lower extremities are defined as trophic defects that show no signs of healing after 3 months of appropriate treatment or are not healed even after 12 months of treatment. Their incidence and prevalence are continuously increasing, and they currently represent not only a serious medical problem but also a socioeconomic issue. An overview article published by German physicians focuses on summarizing the therapy of leg ulcers according to the principles of evidence-based medicine.
News Dual Inhibition of IL-17A/IL-17F Across the Spectrum of Axial Spondyloarthritis
Many patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) still have a need to seek additional therapeutic options and new mechanisms of action for medicinal substances. Phase III studies BE MOBILE 1 and 2 therefore evaluated the effect of administering bimekizumab—a monoclonal antibody selectively inhibiting interleukins (IL) 17A and 17F—across the full spectrum of patients with axSpA.
News The Link Between Various Sleep Disorders and the Onset of Depression: What Findings Did the Population Study in Denmark Bring?
A Danish population study published in June 2019 examined the link between different types of sleep disorders and the risk of developing depression. Which disorders confirmed this link after evaluating data from tens of thousands of patients?
News Ivabradine and/or Sacubitril/Valsartan in the Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Ivabradine and sacubitril/valsartan are used in the second line of therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The aim of the study presented below was to evaluate the synergistic effect of these modern medications.
News Current View on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Theory and Practice
We dedicated one of the episodes of our podcast meditalks+ to the issue of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), focusing on aspects of care related to general practitioners. In a conversation with Associate Professor MUDr. Ludmila Brunerová, Ph.D., from the Diabetology Center at the Faculty Hospital Královské Vinohrady in Prague, we now continue with a more detailed look at selected questions that will also interest specialists.
News Remarkable Findings from the Subanalysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Teriflunomide in the Chinese Population with MS in Relation to Global Results
Teriflunomide, from the group of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs), intended for the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), inhibits the proliferation of lymphocytes. As a result, fewer lymphocytes that could damage the CNS pass through the blood-brain barrier. The efficacy and safety of teriflunomide in the global population were examined in the multinational randomized double-blind placebo-controlled TOWER study, with an interesting subanalysis published by Chinese authors.
News Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency and Lung Disease in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchiectasis. However, its deficiency may also play a role in other lung diseases.
News Transfer of Microbiome from Mother to Child: A Key but Fragile Process
How does the transfer of gut microbiota between mother and child occur? Is this transfer clinically significant, and what factors can disrupt it? These questions are addressed in a 2019 review article by Dutch microbiologists.
News CASE STUDY: Surgical Procedure in an Adolescent Patient with Severe Hemophilia A on Emicizumab Prophylaxis
This case study is narrated by MUDr. Bohumír Blažek from the Clinic of Pediatric Medicine at LF OU and FN Ostrava. The patient is a 17-year-old boy with severe hemophilia A. Several months prior to the procedure under discussion, he was switched from prophylactic factor VIII administration to emicizumab prophylaxis. Subsequently, an extraction of all four molars was planned for orthodontic reasons. The case study describes the hematologist's approach to the procedure and the subsequent healing process.
News Incidence of Brain Metastases and Intracranial Activity of Sotorasib in Patients with NSCLC with G12C Mutation of the KRAS Oncogene
Sotorasib is the first targeted drug approved for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the G12C mutation of the KRAS oncogene. The newly published study presented below investigated its intracranial activity.
News Physical Activity in Young Men with Hemophilia A
What may influence the inclusion of physical activity in the lifestyle of individuals with hemophilia? This was the focus of a Norwegian study published in the journal Haemophilia.
News New Treatment Options for Hemophilia Come with Discussions on Important Issues
The organizing committee of this year's virtual congress of the European Association for Haemophilia and Allied Disorders (EAHAD 2021) promised in the opening speech a "showcase of the latest innovations and advances in the field of hemophilia and bleeding disorders." The program naturally included discussions on current research findings and practical experiences. Topics included the potential role of coagulation factor VIII even with non-factor therapies and the importance of monitoring the success of new therapeutic approaches.
News Care for Dental Prostheses: What Did Clinical Study Results Reveal?
Dental prostheses are one of the most common solutions for missing teeth, especially in the elderly population. It is estimated that by 2050 up to 2 billion people will be aged 60 or older. Currently, it's not even half that, so it's likely that the number of people with dental prostheses will continue to increase. What do current research findings on dental prosthesis care reveal, and which cleaning methods have been evaluated as truly effective?
News Repeated Episodes of Respiratory Failure Due to Undiagnosed AAT Deficiency – Case Report
The case report from authors in Naples shows that alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) should be considered when respiratory symptoms occur at any age. It also illustrates the diagnostic procedure in such cases and confirms the effectiveness of subsequently initiated therapy.
News The Future and Prospects of Type 2 Diabetes Therapy: Can We Fully Cure It with Endoscopy or Genetics?
Diabetes mellitus (DM) cannot be cured, but it can be successfully treated... Will we rewrite this textbook fact passed down for years in the future? Will we be able to completely cure type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) one day? The Prague Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM) sees endoscopic procedures as one of the promising paths and is preparing to test this groundbreaking method of therapy.
News Model of Risk of Bleeding Associated with Physical Activity in Hemophiliacs with Factor and Non-Factor Treatment
In the treatment of hemophilia A, both FVIII concentrate replacement therapy and non-factor therapy are available today. However, there is no clinical data comparing the risk of bleeding associated with physical activity between factor and non-factor treatments. In this situation, one approach is to model possible scenarios and attempt to indirectly compare different modalities of bleeding prevention.
News The Position of Lurasidone in Schizophrenia Therapy − Current Conclusions and Consensus of the Expert Panel
Lurasidone is an antipsychotic belonging to the group of serotonin and dopamine antagonists (SDA) indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults and adolescents aged 13 years and older. The efficacy of lurasidone has been confirmed by a number of clinical studies, compared to placebo and using active control with known antipsychotics (e.g., olanzapine or quetiapine). The aim of the recently published study was to define current possibilities of using lurasidone in the treatment of schizophrenia and to identify patient groups that would benefit the most from this therapy.