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Hrabák J.: Clinically Important Beta-Lactamases of Gram-Negative Bacteria: AmpC


Authors: J. Hrabák
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav mikrobiologie LF UK a FN v Plzni
Published in: Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 56, 2007, č. 4, s. 155-165

Overview

Beta-lactamases are the most common cause of beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. With third-generation and fourth-generation cephalosporins being introduced into practice, new beta-lactamases have evolved, able to hydrolyze these antibiotics. AmpC-type beta lactamases (cephalosporinases) are serine enzymes with the ability to hydrolyze penicillins, monobactams and cephalosporins of all generations, including cephamycins. Over the last two decades, transferable plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases have been reported with increasing frequency. The genes for resistance to other groups of antibiotics are usually carried on the same mobile element as the AmpC genes. A reliable method for AmpC detection in routine diagnosis has not been available yet. The issue of AmpC-type beta lactamases is summarized, including their identification, interpretation of susceptibility test results and recommended treatment of infection caused by AmpC producers.

Key words:
resistence – cephalosporins – beta-lactamases – enterobacteria – AmpC.


Labels
Hygiene and epidemiology Medical virology Clinical microbiology
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