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proLékaře.cz / Journals / Clinical Osteology / 2021 - 2

Significance and characteristics of selected genes in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis

Czech version

Authors: Avuková Buriková Andrea 1;  Blaščáková Mydlárová Marta 1;  Poráčová Janka 1;  Tomková Soňa 3;  Hricová Katarína 1,2;  Petrejčíková Eva 1
Authors‘ workplace: Faculty of Humanities and Natural Science, Department of Biology, University of Prešov, Slovakia 1;  Department of Internal Medicine, AGEL Hospital Košice-Šaca, a. s., Slovakia 2;  Vth Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Commenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, Hospital Ružinov, Bratislava, Slovakia 3
Published in: Clinical Osteology 2021; 26(2): 68-78
Category:

Overview

Osteoporosis is a complex disease affected not only by environmental factors but also by a strong genetic component. Genetic factors contribute to osteoporosis by affecting not only bone mineral density but also bone size, quality and bone turnover. However, determining the genetic architecture, and in particular the basic genomic and molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis in vivo in humans, is still challenging. In recent years, we have seen progress in research into the genetic background of osteoporosis in connection with the development of modern methods of molecular biology. Scientific research focuses primarily on the identification and characterization of selected polymorphisms of candidate genes, determining bone quality, bone density (BMD) and, last but not least, the risk of fractures. The results of molecular genetic research on osteoporosis significantly contribute / could contribute to the improvement not only of therapeutic and therapeutic procedures, but especially to the introduction of early prevention in personalized medicine.

Keywords:

BMD – fracture risk – gene – osteoporosis – polymorphism – BMD – fracture risk – gene – osteoporosis – polymorphism

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