Lung cancer – dia nosis and early detection
Authors:
J. Skřičková 1; T. Nebeský 2; B. Kadlec 1; K. Hejduk 3; O. Májek 3; M. Vašáková 4; I. Čierná Peterová 5
Authors‘ workplace:
Klinika nemocí plicních a TBC LF MU a FN Brno
1; Klinika radiologie a nukleární medicíny LF MU a FN Brno
2; Národní screeningové centrum, ÚZIS ČR Praha a Institut bio statistiky a analýz, LF MU Brno
3; Pneumologická klinika 1. LF a FTN Praha
4; Plicní ambulance, Brandýs n. L.
5
Published in:
Klin Onkol 2021; 34(Supplementum 1): 6-19
Category:
Review
doi:
https://doi.org/10.48095/ccko2021S6
Overview
Decisions about the treatment of a patient with lung cancer depend on the clinical stage of the disease, morphological diagnosis, examination of predictive markers and overall clinical condition; the wishes of a well-informed patient must also be taken into account. Accurate diagnosis is essential for the future of a patient with lung cancer. The epidemiology of lung cancer is related to cigarette consumption. The risk of the disease increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. The relative risk for smokers is 22.4, for very heavy smokers with a load of more than 25 packets, it can reach up to 50. Most cases of lung cancer are caught in the advanced stages of the disease, when surgery and sometimes other active treatments are no longer possible. Searching for lung cancer in at-risk groups is essential for reducing lung cancer mortality, leading to the detection of the disease at a low stage when the tumor is operable.
Keywords:
lung cancer – lung cancer diagnosis – lung cancer screening
Sources
1. Adam Z, Vorlíček J. Diagnostické a léčebné postupy u maligních chorob. Praha: Grada Publishing 2004.
2. Ginsberg RJ. Lung Cancer. London: BC Decker Hamilton 2002.
3. Pešek M et al. Bronchogenní karcinom. Praha: Galén 2002.
4. Skřičková J, Kolek V et al. Základy moderní pneumoonkologie. 2. rozšířené vyd. Praha: Maxdorf 2017: 561.
5. Lababede O. Imaging in lung cancer staging. [online]. Available from: https: //emedicine.medscape.com/article/362919-overview.
6. Hochhegger B, Marchiori F, Sedlaczek O et al. MRI in lung cancer: a pictorial essay. Br J Radiol 2011; 84 (1003): 661–668. doi: 10.1259/bjr/24661484.
7. Huellner MW, de Galiza Barbosa F, Husmann L et al. TNM staging of nn-small cell lung cancer: comparison of PET/MR and PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2016; 57 (1): 21–26. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.115.162040.
8. Lee SM, Goo JM, Park CM et al. Preoperative staging of non-small cell lung cancer: prospective comparison of PET/MR and PET/CT. Eur Radiol 2016; 26 (11): 3850–3857. doi: 10.1007/s00330-016-4255-0.
9. Lin EC, Alavai A. PET and PET/CT – a clinical guide. Stuttgart: Gerog Thieme Verlag 2009.
10. Kolek V, Kašák V, Vašáková M et al. Pneumologie. 3. vyd. Praha: Maxdorf 2017.
11. Vašáková M, Kolek V, Pohounek P et al. Bronchologie a pneumologická cytodiagnostika. Praha: Maxdorf 2017.
12. Votruba J, Šimovič J. Plicní endoskopie. Praha: Mladá fronta 2017.
13. Goldstraw P, Crowley JJ. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. International staging project on lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2006; 1: 281–6.
14. Goldstraw P, Chansky K, Crowley J et al. The IASLC lung cancer staging project: proposals for revision of the TNM stage groupings in the forthcoming (eighth) edition of the TNM classification for lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11 (1): 39–51. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.09.009.
15. Lim W, Ridge CA, Nicholson AG et al. The 8th lung cancer TNM classification and clinical staging system: review of the changes and clinical implications. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018; 8 (7): 709–718. doi: 10.21037/qims.2018.08.02.
16. Brierley JD, Gospodarowitz MK, Wittekind C et al. TNM classification of malignant tumours, 8th ed. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing 2017.
17. Dušek L, Malúšková D, Mužík J et al. Epidemiologie zhoubných nádorů plic, průdušnice a průdušek v České republice. Onkologická Revue 2016; 8: 7–11.
18. Blandin Knight PA, Crosbie H, Balata J et al. Progress and prospects of early detection in lung cancer. Open Biol 2017; 7 (9), 170070. doi: 10.1098/rsob.170070.
19. Kubík A, Polák J. Lung cancer detection. Results of the randomized prospective study in Czechoslovakia. Cancer 1986; 57: 2428–2437.
20. Oken MM, Hocking WG, Kvale PA et al. Screening by chest radiograph and lung cancer mortality. the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovaria (PLCO) randomized trial. JAMA 2011; 306 (17): 1865–1873. doi.10.1001/jama.1591.
21. Aberle DR, Berg CD, Black WC et al. The national lung screening trial: overview and study design. Radiology 2011; 258 (1): 243–253. doi: 10.1148/radiol.10091808.
22. Horeweg N, Scholten ET, de Jong PA et al. Detection of lung cancer through low-dose CT screening (NELSON): a prespecified analysis of screening test performance and interval cancers. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15 (12): 1342–1350. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045 (14) 70387-0.
23. de Koning HJ, Carlijn M, van der Aalst CM et al. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with volume CT screening in a randomized trial. N Engl J Med 2020; 382 (6): 503–513. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1911793.
24. https: //www.mzcr.cz/metodika-realizace-populacniho-pilotniho-programu-casneho-zachytu-karcinomu-plic/.
Labels
Paediatric clinical oncology Surgery Clinical oncologyArticle was published in
Clinical Oncology
2021 Issue Supplementum 1
Most read in this issue
- Lung cancer – dia nosis and early detection
- Surgical treatment of lung cancer
- Pokroky v léčbě malobuněčného karcinomu plic
- Future of lung cancer treatment