DNA repair in head and neck tumor cells and possibilities of its monitoring to estimate individual tumor radioresistance and selection of optimal primary treatment

Czech version

Authors: Zuzana Horáková ¹; MUDr. Jaromír Gumulec ^2,3; Olga Kopečná ⁴; Eva Pagáčová ⁴; Michal Masařík ^2,3; Alena Bačíková ⁴; Iva Falková ⁴; Martina Raudenská ^2,3; Tomáš Vičar ⁵; Hana Binková ⁶; Martin Falk ⁴
Authors‘ workplace: Klinika otorinolaryngologie a chirurgie hlavy a krku LF UP a FN Olomouc ¹; Ústav patologické fyziologie LF MU v Brně ²; Fyziologický ústav LF MU v Brně ³; Oddělení buněčné biologie a radiobiologie, Biofyzikální ústav AV ČR, Brno ⁴; Ústav biomedicínského inženýrství, FEKT VUT v Brně ⁵; Oddělení ORL, Vojenská nemocnice Brno ⁶
Published in: Čas. Lék. čes. 2020; 159: 268-274
Category: Review Article

Overview

In order to maximize post-therapeutic quality of life, radio(chemo)therapy becomes preferred over surgery in head-and-neck tumor (HNT) treatment. However, the therapy selection is only based on the clinical experience and patient's preferences as the radiosensitivity markers remain unknown. New possibilities of deciding on the best primary therapy, moving us towards personalized medicine based on quantifiable biomarkers, have been opened by studies on DNA radiation damage and repair in individual patients’ tumors.

Together with the importance of radiotherapy in HNT oncology, we discuss here our preliminary results revealing the existence of several HNT groups with respect to genome stability and repair ability of tumor cells after irradiation. Monitoring of the formation and disappearance of γH2AX/53BP1 foci in tumor cell primo-cultures derived from individual patients suggests that DNA repair capacity of the identified groups correlates with the tumor cell radiosensitivity. Our findings thus improve understanding of HNT biology; nevertheless, the relationship between the repair groups and in vivo response of tumors to radiotherapy must be further studied. Since most HNTs do not suffer from repair defects, although their viability varies after irradiation, pre-therapeutic tests covering the full spectrum of HNT radiosensitivity causes will require the use of a combination of multiple, still undiscovered biomarkers.

Keywords:

Head and neck tumors – primary therapy dilemma – radiotherapy – radioresistance predictive markers – DNA damage and repair

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Addictology Allergology and clinical immunology Angiology Audiology Clinical biochemistry Dermatology & STDs Paediatric gastroenterology Paediatric surgery Paediatric cardiology Paediatric neurology Paediatric ENT Paediatric psychiatry Paediatric rheumatology Diabetology Pharmacy Vascular surgery Pain management

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Journal of Czech Physicians

2020 Issue 7-8

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