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proLékaře.cz / Journals / General Practitioner / 2023 - 6

The analysis of the relationship between dementia and atherosclerosis risk factors

Czech version

Authors: O. Machaczka 1,2;  M. Kovalová 2,4;  P. Ambroz 1,2;  V. Koutná 1,3;  E. Mrázková 4;  M. Bar 5,6;  M. Roubec 5,6;  P. Bártová 6;  R. Novobilský 5,6;  M. Sabela 5,6;  P. Kušnierová 10;  D. Stejskal 10;  L. Faldynová 11;  S. Walczysková 11;  L. Školoudík 8;  L. Šimůnek 7;  P. Šolínová 7;  D. Školoudík 9;  V. Janout 1;  J. Janoutová 1,3
Authors‘ workplace: Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Fakulta zdravotnických věd ;  Centrum vědy a výzkumu, Ředitel: doc. RNDr. Ondřej Holý, Ph. D. 1;  Ústav zdravotnického managementu a ochrany veřejného zdraví Přednostka: doc. MUDr. Helena Kollárová, Ph. D. 2;  Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Lékařská fakulta Ústav veřejného zdravotnictví, Přednostka: prof. MUDr. Dagmar Horáková, Ph. D. Ostravská univerzita, Lékařská fakulta 3;  Ústav epidemiologie a ochrany veřejného zdraví Vedoucí: doc. MUDr. Rastislav Maďar, PhD., MBA, FRCPS 5Katedra klinických neurověd, Vedoucí: prof. MUDr. Michal Bar, Ph. D. 4;  Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Neurologická klinika Přednosta: prof. MUDr. Michal Bar, Ph. D. 6;  Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Neurologická klinika Přednosta: MUDr. Pavel Kunc, Ph. D. 7;  Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Klinika otorinolaryngologie a chirurgie hlavy a krku Přednosta: prof. MUDr. Viktor Chrobok, CSc., Ph. D. 8;  Ostravská univerzita, Lékařská fakulta, Centrum zdravotnického výzkumu Ředitel: prof. MUDr. David Školoudík, Ph. D., FESO, FEAN 9;  Ostravská univerzita, Lékařská fakulta a Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Ústav laboratorní medicíny Přednosta: prof. MUDr. David Stejskal, Ph. D. 10;  Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Ústav klinické a molekulární patologie a lékařské genetiky Přednosta: doc. MUDr. MVDr. Jozef Škarda, Ph. D. et Ph. D. 11
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2023; 103(6): 288-295
Category: Of different specialties

Overview

Introduction: Due to the aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy, an increase in the prevalence of dementia and atherosclerosis-based diseases is expected in the future. Both of these severe diagnoses have severalcommon risk factors. In addition, carotid atherosclerosis is considered as a predictor of dementia. However, the mutual relationship is still not sufficiently clarified. The main goal of the presented work was to describe the connectionbetween selected risk factors of atherosclerosis and dementia.

Methods: A set of 1,337 individuals from the AZV MZ CR project "Possible influence of atherosclerosis on the development of dementia", designed as an epidemiological study of cases and controls, was used to analyze risk factors. The study subjects were divided into four research groups according to the clinical examination results for the presence of atherosclerosis and dementia.

Results: Statistically significant differences in the occurrence of risk factors were found between all research groups, especially between individuals with dementia but without atherosclerosis and individuals with atherosclerosis but without dementia. Individuals with dementia and without atherosclerosis have statistically significantly more often primary education (p < 0.001) and are less often married (p < 0.001). Individualswith dementia (whether combined with atherosclerosis or without) were statistically significantly less likely to engage inphysical activity (p < 0.001) and less often engaged in activities such as reading and crossword (p < 0.001). Specifically, reading and individuals with dementia and atherosclerosis were found to have a statistically significantly higher risk of developing the disease (OR = 1.72; IS 1.02–2.88; p = 0.041) compared to the control group. On the contrary, individuals with atherosclerosis and without dementia are statistically significantly more likely to smoke (p < 0.001), have hypertension (p < 0.001), high cholesterol (p < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.018).

Conclusion: Dementia and atherosclerosis are very serious diseases, and detailed knowledge of the risk factors for these diseases is essential. Many of these risk factors are common to both diagnoses and understanding the interrelationship betweenthem can help in the prevention and early detection of dementia.

Keywords:

dementia – prevention – Cognitive impairment – Atherosclerosis – risk factors

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adresa pro korespondenci:
Mgr. Ondřej Machaczka, Ph.D.
Ústav zdravotnického managementu a ochrany veřejného zdraví
Fakulta zdravotnických věd UP Hněvotínská 976/3,
775 15 Olomouc
e-mail: ondrej.machaczka@upol.cz

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