The history of invasive blood pressure measurement
Authors:
K. Javorka 1; M. Zibolen 2
Authors‘ workplace:
Ústav fyziológie, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Jesseniova lekárska fakulta, Martin, Slovensko
1; Neonatologická klinika, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Jesseniova lekárska fakulta a Univerzitná nemocnica, Martin, Slovensko
2
Published in:
Čes-slov Pediat 2021; 76 (8): 474-485.
Category:
History
Overview
The history of invasive blood pressure measurement, documented in the literature, begins with animal experiments in the 18th century. Stephen Hales was the first who published the methodology and results of invasive blood pressure measurements in „Statical Essays containing Haemastatics“ in 1733, however, the measurements, including determination of the venous pressure, aortic blood flow rate, cardiac output, and others parameters in different situations were made in the first and second decades of the 18th century.
Poisseuille improved the measurement of the blood pressure with the invention of the hemodynamometer, U-tube filled with mercury. Continuous registration of blood pressure has been made possible since 1847 by the kymograph - Ludwig's invention and the use of a float in the hemodynamometer. For the first time in humans was this method used by Faivre (1856) in three men during limb amputation.
To measure blood pressure in various parts of the circulation, including the heart was necessary to introduce catheterizations. Catheterizations in experimental animals were used by Claude Bernard, Chauveau and Marey. The greatest contribution to the development of methods for cardiac catheterization in humans have Dieffenbach, Bleichröder, Unger, Montanari and Nobel Prize winner Forssmann. Very important role in the further development of cardiovascular catheterization played later Klein, Cournand, Richardson, Swan and Ganz.
The exact year of beginning of the invasive blood pressure measurement in neonates is unknown. In 1938, Woodbury published a paper about measuring blood pressure in a. umbilicalis using Hamilton's hypodermic manometer. Diamond (1947) and James (1959) contributed to the development of catheterization of umbilical vessels. At the beginning of the sixties of the 20th century, thanks to the construction of accurate electromanometers and suitable catheters, there was a breakthrough in the invasive measurement of blood pressure in newborns. Wallgren, Rudolph, Moss, Gupta and Scopes were the pioneers of invasive blood pressure measurement in newborns.
Recently, the direct invasive monitoring of blood pressure in neonatology is the gold standard. This method is necessary when obtaining beat-to-beat BP values and when non-invasive methods cannot be used.
Keywords:
history – blood pressure – newborns – measurement – invasive method – catheterization of blood vessels and heart
Sources
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Neonatology Paediatrics General practitioner for children and adolescentsArticle was published in
Czech-Slovak Pediatrics
2021 Issue 8
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