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Urologické komplikace HIV/AIDS


Urologic complications of HIV infection

As life expectancy of patients infected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has prolonged, they are treated by physicians of different specialities. This article focuses on urologic complications of HIV infection. Urinary tract infections in HIV positive patients are more frequent than in otherwise healthy individuals and less common microorganisms can be involved. Sexually transmitted diseases are a commonplace. Certain malignancies of the genitourinary tract are more often diagnosed in HIV positive than in HIV negative population. Impairment of kidney function is usually caused by HIV-associated nephropathy. Acute renal failure can also occur. Indinavir causes urinary stones formation. Male circumcision is an effective method of HIV transmission prevention.

Key words:
HIV, urinary tract infections, cancer, complications, urology.


Autoři: Jan Hrbáček 1;  Pavel Konopásek 2;  Václav Eis 3;  Eva Hamšíková 4;  Ruth Tachezy 4;  Jan Pokorný 1;  Karim El-Balouly 1;  Michael Urban 1;  Jiří Heráček 1
Působiště autorů: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, 3. lékařská fakulta, Urologická klinika FNKV 1;  Univerzita Karlova v Praze, 1. lékařská fakulta, Klinika nefrologie VFN 2;  Univerzita Karlova v Praze, 3. lékařská fakulta, Ústav patologie 3;  Ústav hematologie a krevní transfuze, Praha 4
Vyšlo v časopise: Čas. Lék. čes. 2010; 149: 115-119
Kategorie: Přehledový článek

Souhrn

Léčba infekce virem lidské imunodeficience (HIV) v posledních letech na základě nových poznatků vědy a rozvoje léčebných metod velmi pokročila. Cílem článku je shrnout urologické komplikace onemocnění HIV. Infekce močových cest se u HIV pozitivních pacientů vyskytují častěji než ve zdravé populaci, uplatňují se i atypická infekční agens. Ani se sexuálně přenosnými chorobami se nesetkáváme ojediněle. U pacientů s HIV také ve vyšší míře diagnostikujeme některé zhoubné nádory urogenitálního traktu. HIV‑asociovaná nefropatie je obvyklým typem renálního postižení stejně jako akutní selhání ledvin. Antiretrovirotika mohou být příčinou vzácné indinavirové urolitiázy. Účinnou metodou prevence přenosu HIV na muže je cirkumcize.

Klíčová slova:
HIV, infekce močopohlavních cest, nádor, komplikace, urologie.

Adresa pro korespondenci:

MUDr. Jan Hrbáček

Urologická klinika 3. LF UK a FNKV

Šrobárova 50, 100 34 Praha 10

e-mail: honzahrbacek@seznam.cz


Zdroje

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Štítky
Adiktologie Alergologie a imunologie Angiologie Audiologie a foniatrie Biochemie Dermatologie Dětská gastroenterologie Dětská chirurgie Dětská kardiologie Dětská neurologie Dětská otorinolaryngologie Dětská psychiatrie Dětská revmatologie Diabetologie Farmacie Chirurgie cévní Algeziologie Dentální hygienistka

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