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News Reference Intervals of Prostate Health Index (PHI) in Healthy Men

For more specific prostate cancer screening, apart from prostate-specific antigen (PSA), its free fraction (fPSA) and one of its precursors, [-2]proPSA (p2PSA), are used today. From these parameters, the so-called Prostate Health Index (PHI) can be calculated. However, reference intervals for these parameters in a healthy population were not known until now.

Source: Prostate Health Index 2. 4. 2020

News Targeting HER2 is Clinically Meaningful Even with Its Low Expression

Distinguishing HER2 receptor expression status on the surface of breast cancer tumor cells as simply positive or negative is now proving insufficient. Ultimately, it can lead to the non-administration of effective targeted therapy. What do we actually know about the “gray zone” between HER2 positivity and negativity?

Source: Ovarian and Breast Cancer 22. 5. 2024

News Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Processes Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Interstitial lung processes (ILD) are common yet insufficiently diagnosed complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of patients. ILD can occur at any stage of RA, presenting a diverse clinical picture. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) are the most common findings on high-resolution CT (HRCT). Some patients with RA-associated ILD may exhibit a progressive phenotype characterized by expanding fibrotic changes on HRCT, declining lung function, worsening respiratory symptoms, and early mortality. A recently published review summarizes strategies for screening, monitoring, and managing ILD in RA.

Source: Progressive Interstitial Pulmonary Processes 3. 1. 2024

News Desirable Side Effects of Antidiabetics

The days when diabetology was a field solely focused on normalizing blood sugar levels are long gone. Today, the approach in diabetology increasingly prioritizes influencing the patient's overall life prognosis, particularly reducing cardiovascular risk. What can be the desirable side effects of the main groups of antidiabetics that are not related to merely lowering glucose levels?

Source: Diabetes 6. 11. 2020

News How to Set Individual Treatment Goals for Type 2 Diabetes?

Treatment goals for type 2 diabetes should always be set individually. In practice, this mainly involves an indicator of the success of long-term compensation –⁠ glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c). Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes for general practitioners from 2020 list different target HbA_1c values according to the risk of hypoglycemia and other parameters. They also recall different target values for fit, frail, and dependent seniors.

Source: Diabetes 28. 8. 2020

Články časopisu Neonatal seizures –⁠ current view of the issue

Author of the article: K. Španělová, K. Česká, H. Ošlejšková, Š. Aulická Source: Česká a slovenská neurologie a neurochirurgie | 1/2020 5. 2. 2020

News What has clinical research on the effects of inosin pranobex revealed, and what does it mean for practice?

Inosin pranobex, as an antiviral drug that modulates cellular and humoral immunity, is used in the treatment of many viral infections. It is employed in diseases caused by herpetic viruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus, or in immunodeficient states, especially in cases of cellular immunity disorders. What insights has clinical research offered on this matter?

Source: Viral infections 16. 2. 2023

Články časopisu BENIGN DERMATOSIS OF PENIS

Author of the article: MUDr. David Němec Source: Urologické listy | 4/2005 4. 1. 2006

Články časopisu Prospects for the treatment of osteoarthritis

Author of the article: K. Pavelka Source: Česká revmatologie | 1/2015 5. 3. 2015

News 10 Properties and Benefits of Gliptins: How They Work and When to Prescribe Them

General practitioners can now prescribe oral antidiabetics from the group of gliptins to patients with type 2 diabetes. Their therapeutic options are significantly expanded in the care of these patients. In the following text, we briefly summarize the mechanism of action of gliptins and their advantages over other oral antidiabetics.

Source: Diabetes 28. 8. 2020

News How to Properly Treat Frostbite?

Frostbite, or congelation, is defined as an acute condition involving damage to the skin and subcutaneous tissues due to local cold, particularly at subzero temperatures. Treatment requires quality care. By choosing the right therapy, we can prevent complications that might otherwise threaten the patient with amputation of the affected part. The healing process is lengthy and requires patience from both the patient and the attending physician.

Source: Wound Healing 7. 12. 2021

News Metamizole –⁠ wide possibilities of an analgesic with a unique mechanism of action and different routes of administration

Metamizole is a non-addictive pyrazolone analgesic with antipyretic effects, which differs from other non-opioid analgesics by its spasmolytic action. It is indicated in monotherapy and in combinations for the treatment of severe acute and chronic pain. Its high analgesic efficacy is evidenced by a low number of patients needed to treat to achieve at least 50% pain relief in 4-6 hours. The favorable safety profile of metamizole is supported by more than 100 years of clinical experience.

Source: Analgesia 30. 5. 2024

News Generic Substitution of Levothyroxine in Practice

The active ingredient levothyroxine is found in a significant number of medicinal products (MP) in the Czech Republic. The question of its generic substitution remains current, primarily because the previously published data tend to call for caution due to possible adverse effects on the patient.

Source: Thyroid Disorders 22. 2. 2024

News Benefit of Oral Semaglutide for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the General Practitioner's Office

Oral semaglutide is a modern antidiabetic suitable within primary care for people with type 2 diabetes, primarily due to its comprehensive action that includes not only reducing blood glucose and body weight but also a number of other favorable non-glycemic effects.

Source: Modern Treatment of Diabetes with GLP-1 Analogues 22. 5. 2024

News FDA Warns Against Self-Monitoring Glucose Using Smartwatches. What About in Czechia?

On February 21st, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning aimed at diabetic patients who measure their blood glucose levels (or are considering doing so) using smartwatches or rings. The warning naturally also targeted attending physicians who might encounter this method of non-invasive measurement in their patients. The Czech diabetologists we spoke to have only come across a few cases of this so far. Nevertheless, many of them believe it is necessary to discuss the topic with diabetics preventively and to actively work with those who decide to use such methods.

Source: 12. 4. 2024