Cirrhosis of the liver and HCV
Authors:
Václav Hejda
Authors‘ workplace:
Oddělení gastroenterologie a hepatologie I. interní kliniky LF UK a FN Plzeň, přednosta prof. MUDr. Martin Matějovič, Ph. D.
Published in:
Vnitř Lék 2015; 61(Suppl 4): 13-23
Category:
Reviews
Jaterní cirhóza je závěrečným morfologickým stadiem většiny jaterních onemocnění s následným rizikem vzniku dekompenzace a komplikací (portální hypertenze, HCC). V současnosti je však zjevné, že jde o dynamický obousměrný proces s možností další progrese, ale i regrese fibrózy/cirhózy v případě možnosti kauzální léčby základního hepatologického onemocnění. Určení stadia a pokročilosti jaterní fibrózy je naprosto klíčové pro další péči o nemocného, určení prognózy a eventuálně indikaci léčby. V současnosti jsou již preferovanou možností neinvazivní metody detekce jaterní fibrózy (sérové, elastografické), které v této indikaci pomalu nahrazují jaterní biopsii.
Overview
Cirrhosis of the liver is the final morphological stage of most liver diseases with subsequent risk of decompensation and complications (portal hypertension, HCC). At present it is apparent, however, that a dynamic two-way process is involved with a possibility of further progression, but also regression of fibrosis/cirrhosis provided that causal treatment of the basic hepatologic disease is possible. Determining the stage and level of fibrosis progression is absolutely key to further care of the patient, establishment of the prognosis and possibly the treatment indication. At present non-invasive methods of liver fibrosis are the preferred option already, (serum, elastography), which for this indication gradually replace a liver biopsy. These methods allow for an exact estimate of the patient‘s prognosis and first of all long-term non-invasive following of the liver disease development. Chronic hepatitis C is one of the most frequent causes of liver cirrhosis. The healing of hepatitis C is essential for the improvement of patients‘ prognosis and reduction of the risk of complications development. In the field of treatment of this disease a pharmacological revolution has taken place in recent years, unprecedented in the other fields of internal medicine. Due to the exact description and understanding of the cycle of virus replication, a number of direct-acting antiviral drugs have been introduced to the clinical practice, which made it possible to remove interferon preparations (numerous adverse effects) from the treatment after 20 years, but first of all they increased the effect of HCV treatment, reaching approx. 95–100 % healed patients after 12 weeks of the combined therapy. These preparations are essentially free from adverse effects and the treatment lasts 12–24 weeks (with an option of its shortening to 8 weeks). Their main disadvantage is their extremely high cost at the present time.
Key words:
antiviral drugs – chronic hepatitis C – liver cirrhosis – treatment
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2015 Issue Suppl 4
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