Hand osteoarthritis
Authors:
prof. MUDr. Ph.D. Ladislav Šenolt
Authors‘ workplace:
Revmatologický ústav: Na Slupi 4, 128 50 Praha
2
Published in:
Čas. Lék. čes. 2016; 155: 305-309
Category:
Review Article
Osteoartróza (OA) ručních kloubů je velmi časté chronické onemocnění způsobující bolest a omezení hybnosti zasažených kloubů. Prevalence choroby vzrůstá s věkem, častější postihuje ženy. Klinické příznaky se obvykle neshodují s rentgenovým nálezem − symptomatická OA ručních kloubů postihuje přibližně 2−6 % dospělých jedinců, ale rentgenově ji lze prokázat až u dvou třetin žen a poloviny mužů starších 55 let. Průběh nemoci se mezi jednotlivými pacienty liší. OA ručních kloubů je heterogenní onemocnění, nejčastější je nodální forma postihující interfalangeální klouby, při postižení kořenového kloubu palce hovoříme o rizartróze. Specifický podtyp představuje erozivní OA, která je charakterizována opakovanými zánětlivými iritacemi kloubů, je spojena s větší bolestí, funkčním omezením a erozivními změnami na rentgenu.
Overview
Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disorder causing pain and limitation of mobility of affected joints. The prevalence of hand OA increases with age and more often affects females. Clinical signs obviously do not correlate with radiographic findings – symptomatic hand OA affects approximately 2−6 % of adult subjects, but radiographic changes can be found in up to two thirds of females and half of males older than 55 years.
Disease course differ among individual patients. Hand OA is a heterogeneous disease. Nodal hand OA is the most common subtype affecting interphalangeal joints, thumb base OA affects first carpometacarpal joint. Erosive OA represents a specific subtype of hand OA, which is associated with joint inflammation, more pain, functional limitation and erosive findings on radiographs.
Treatment of OA is limited. Analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the only agents reducing symptoms. New insights into the pathogenesis of disease should contribute to the development of novel effective treatment of hand OA.
Keywords:
hand osteoarthritis, thumb base osteoarthritis, erosive changes
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