Pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2011 – the unifying model of glucoregulation disorder

Czech version

Authors: J. Škrha
Authors‘ workplace: III. interní klinika – klinika endokrinologie a metabolizmu 1. lékařské fakulty UK a VFN Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. Štěpán Svačina, DrSc., MBA
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2011; 57(11): 949-953
Category: Birthday

Overview

Present knowledge on pathogenic mechanisms in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus may offer the identical scheme of the cascade steps disturbing B-cell and its organells. The only one difference is based in the initiation of the whole cascade by cytokines activated in previous infection (Type 1 DM) or by increased concentration of free fatty acids (Type 2 DM) in the individuals with different genetic background for both types of diabetes. Impaired function and structure of mitochondria causes cell failure and its following apoptosis. The elucidation of the cause of changes in developed diabetes enables to suggest some perspective therapeutic approaches and/or preventive ways.

Key words:
type 1 diabetes mellitus – type 2 diabetes mellitus – pathogenesis – cytokines – free fatty acids – B-cell apoptosis

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