Multi-scale patterns of tick occupancy and abundance across an agricultural landscape in southern Africa

English version

Autoři: Kimberly J. Ledger ^aff001; Ryan M. Keenan ^aff002; Katherine A. Sayler ^aff001; Samantha M. Wisely ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America ^aff001; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America ^aff002
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222879

Souhrn

Land use influences the prevalence and distribution of ticks due to the intimate relationship of ticks with their environment. This relationship occurs because land use alters two essential tick requirements: vertebrate hosts for blood meals and a suitable microclimate when off-host. Given the risks to human and animal health associated with pathogens transmitted by ticks, there is an ongoing need to understand the impact of environmental drivers on tick distributions. Here, we assessed how landscape features, neighborhood effects, and edges influenced tick occupancy and abundance across an agricultural landscape in southern Africa. We found that Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus simus increased in abundance closer to protected savanna, while Haemaphysalis elliptica increased in abundance closer to human habitation. The composition of the landscape surrounding savanna patches also differentially influenced the occupancy of each tick species; H. elliptica was more likely to be found in savanna patches surrounded by subsistence agriculture while R. appendiculatus and R. simus were more likely to be found in savanna surrounded by sugarcane monocultures. At the local scale we found that R. appendiculatus and R. simus avoided savanna edges. The availability of hosts and variation in vegetation structure between commercial agriculture, subsistence agriculture, and savanna likely drove the distribution of ticks at the landscape scale. Understanding how anthropogenic land use influences where ticks occur is useful for land use planning and for assessing public and animal health risks associated with ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Ecology – Plant communities – Grasslands – Plant science – Plant ecology – Agriculture – Crop science – Crops – Sugarcane – Livestock – Organisms – Eukaryota – Plants – Grasses – Animals – Invertebrates – Arthropoda – Arachnida – Ixodes – Ticks – Animal types – Domestic animals – Species interactions – Disease vectors – Zoology – Ecology and environmental sciences – Terrestrial environments – Habitats – Medicine and health sciences – Infectious diseases – Earth sciences – Geography – Human geography – Land use – Social sciences

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Multi-scale patterns of tick occupancy and abundance across an agricultural landscape in southern Africa

Souhrn

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Zdroje

PLOS One

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