#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Falls among community-dwelling older adults in Ethiopia; A preliminary cross-sectional study


Autoři: Balamurugan Janakiraman aff001;  Melaku Hailu Temesgen aff002;  Gashaw Jember aff001;  Asmare Yitayeh Gelaw aff001;  Berihu Fisseha Gebremeskel aff002;  Hariharasudhan Ravichandran aff002;  Emnet Worku aff001;  Yohannes Abich aff001;  Fekadu Yilak aff001;  Misganaw Belay aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar and Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia aff001;  Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia aff002;  Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221875

Souhrn

Background

Falls among older adults is a common precipitating factor for unintentional injuries and represent a major health problem associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care cost in low-and-middle-income countries. The burden of fall in this population is well established in high-income countries and scant attention is given to this precipitating factor in low-and-middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with fall among community-dwelling older adults in Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among community-dwelling older adults of Gondar. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used across administrative areas. Six hundred and five households were selected proportionally using systematic random sampling technique. Physical measurement and face to face interview method were employed using a structured questionnaire for data collection. Data were analyzed descriptively and through uni- and multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

One hundred and seventy (n = 170, 28.4%; 95% CI 24.7–32.1) community-dwelling older adults reported having experienced fall in the past 12 months. Sex (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24–2.95), low educational status (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.19–4.74), uncomfortable home environment (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.04), having diagnosed medical condition (OR = 4.659, 95% CI: 1.20–18.02), and use of medication (OR = 5.57, 95% CI: 1.19–26.21) were significantly associated risk factors of self-reported fall in the past 12 months. Most outdoor falls are associated with females and participants aged below 66 years.

Conclusion

In conclusion, more than 1/4th of the community-dwelling older adults experienced at least one episode of fall and about 60% of them reported recurrent falls. Identifying risk group and risk factors that could be modified so as to prevent falls in older adults deserves attention. Outdoor falls are usually attributable to modifiable environmental aspects and improvements in outdoor environment needed.

Klíčová slova:

People and places – Population groupings – Age groups – Elderly – Geographical locations – Africa – Ethiopia – Medicine and health sciences – Epidemiology – Medical risk factors – Traumatic injury risk factors – Falls – Public and occupational health – Medical humanities – Urology – Urine – Neurology – Cognitive neurology – Cognitive impairment – Social sciences – Sociology – Education – Medical education – Biology and life sciences – Anatomy – Body fluids – Physiology – Neuroscience – Cognitive science – Cognitive neuroscience


Zdroje

1. Yoo IY. Recurrent falls among community-dwelling older Koreans: prevalence and multivariate risk factors. J Gerontol Nurs. 2011;37(9):28–40. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20110503-01 21634315

2. Williams JS, Kowal P, Hestekin H, O’Driscoll T, Peltzer K, Yawson A, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and disability associated with fall-related injury in older adults in low-and middle-incomecountries: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE). BMC Med. 2015;13(1):147.

3. Coutinho ES, Fletcher A, Bloch KV, Rodrigues LC. Risk factors for falls with severe fracture in elderly people living in a middle-income country: a case control study. BMC Geriatr. 2008;8(1):21.

4. Kowal KP, Chatterji S. Measuring prevalence and risk factors for fall-related injury in older adults in low-and middle-income countries: results from the WHO Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE). WHO Working Paper; 2013.

5. Ambrose AF, Paul G, Hausdorff JM. Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature. Maturitas. 2013;75(1):51–61. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.009 23523272

6. Rubenstein LZ, Josephson KR. Falls and their prevention in elderly people: what does the evidence show? Med Clin. 2006;90(5):807–24.

7. Deshpande N, Metter EJ, Bandinelli S, Lauretani F, Windham BG, Ferrucci L. Psychological, physical and sensory correlates of fear of falling and consequent activity restriction in the elderly: The InCHIANTI Study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil Acad Physiatr. 2008;87(5):354.

8. World Health Organization. Ageing; Life Course Unit. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age. World Health Organ. 2008;

9. Kalula SZ, Ferreira M, Swingler GH, Badri M, Sayer AA. Methodological challenges in a study on falls in an older population of Cape Town, South Africa. Afr Health Sci. 2017;17(3):912–22. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v17i3.35 29085420

10. Chang VC, Do MT. Risk factors for falls among seniors: implications of gender. Am J Epidemiol. 2015;181(7):521–31. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwu268 25700887

11. Jember G, Melsew YA, Fisseha B, Sany K, Gelaw AY, Janakiraman B. Peripheral Sensory Neuropathy and associated factors among adult diabetes mellitus patients in Bahr Dar, Ethiopia. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2017;16(1):16.

12. Denkinger MD, Lukas A, Nikolaus T, Hauer K. Factors associated with fear of falling and associated activity restriction in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;23(1):72–86. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.03.002 24745560

13. Stubbs B, Binnekade T, Eggermont L, Sepehry AA, Patchay S, Schofield P. Pain and the risk for falls in community-dwelling older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(1):175–87. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.241 24036161

14. Chandran A, Hyder AA, Peek-Asa C. The Global Burden of Unintentional Injuries and an Agenda for Progress. Epidemiol Rev. 2010 Apr 1;32(1):110–20.

15. de Ramirez SS, Hyder AA, Herbert HK, Stevens K. Unintentional Injuries: Magnitude, Prevention, and Control. Annu Rev Public Health. 2012 Mar 19;33(1):175–91.

16. Norton R, Kobusingye O. Injuries. N Engl J Med. 2013 May 1;368(18):1723–30. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1109343 23635052

17. Unintentional injuries: magnitude, prevention, and control.

18. Kasiulevičius V, Šapoka V, Filipavičiūtė R. Sample size calculation in epidemiological studies. Gerontologija. 2006;7(4):225–31.

19. Ntagungira EK. Epidemiology of and risk factors for falls among the community-dwelling elderly people in selected districts of Umutara Province, Republic of Rwanda. 2005;

20. Beauchet O, Fantino B, Allali G, Muir S, Montero-Odasso M, Annweiler C. Timed Up and Go test and risk of falls in older adults: a systematic review. J Nutr Health Aging. 2011;15(10):933–8. 22159785

21. WHO | Proposed working definition of an older person in Africa for the MDS Project [Internet]. WHO. [cited 2019 Jul 10]. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/ageingdefnolder/en/

22. Sousa LMM, Marques-Vieira CMA, de Caldevilla MNGN, Henriques CMAD, Severino SSP, Caldeira SMA. Risk for falls among community-dwelling older people: systematic literature review. Rev Gaucha Enferm. 2016;37(4).

23. Bergland A. Fall risk factors in community-dwelling elderly people. 2012;

24. Hua F, Yoshida S, Junling G, Hui P. Falls prevention in older age in Western Pacific Asia Region. WHO Backgr Pap Glob Rep Falls Older Pers. 2007.

25. Bekibele C, Gureje O. Fall incidence in a population of elderly persons in Nigeria. Gerontology. 2010;56(3):278–83. doi: 10.1159/000236327 19738364

26. Yeong U, Tan S, Yap J, Choo W. Prevalence of falls among community-dwelling elderly and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study in Perak, Malaysia. Malays Fam Physician Off J Acad Fam Physicians Malays. 2016;11(1):7.

27. Kitayuguchi J, Kamada M, Okada S, Kamioka H, Mutoh Y. Association between musculoskeletal pain and trips or falls in rural J apanese community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2015;15(1):54–64. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12228 24418209

28. Franse CB, Rietjens JA, Burdorf A, van Grieken A, Korfage IJ, van der Heide A, et al. A prospective study on the variation in falling and fall risk among community-dwelling older citizens in 12 European countries. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e015827. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015827 28667220

29. Agudelo-Botero M, Giraldo-Rodríguez L, Murillo-González JC, Mino-León D, Cruz-Arenas E. Factors associated with occasional and recurrent falls in Mexican community-dwelling older people. PloS One. 2018;13(2):e0192926. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192926 29462159

30. Mitchell-Fearon K, James K, Waldron N, Holder-Nevins D, Willie-Tyndale D, Laws H, et al. Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Jamaica. SAGE Open. 2014;4(4):2158244014564351.

31. Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Injurious Falls among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Indonesia. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2018;2018.

32. White AM, Tooth LR, Peeters GG. Fall Risk Factors in Mid-Age Women: The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Am J Prev Med. 2018;54(1):51–63. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.10.009 29254554

33. Tegegne M. An assessment on the role of women in agriculture in Southern Nation Nationality People’s Region: The case of Halaba Special Woreda, Ethiopia. 2012.

34. Koolwal G, Van de Walle D. Access to water, women’s work, and child outcomes. Econ Dev Cult Change. 2013;61(2):369–405.

35. Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, Sherrington C, Gates S, Clemson LM, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9).

36. World Health Organization. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age. 2007. World Health Organ. 2015;1–7.

37. Kye B, Arenas E, Teruel G, Rubalcava L. Education, elderly health, and differential population aging in South Korea: A demographic approach. Demogr Res. 2014;30:753–94.

38. Li W, Keegan TH, Sternfeld B, Sidney S, Quesenberry CP Jr, Kelsey JL. Outdoor falls among middle-aged and older adults: a neglected public health problem. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(7):1192–200. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.083055 16735616

39. Okwaraji YB, Webb EL, Edmond KM. Barriers in physical access to maternal health services in rural Ethiopia. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15(1):493.

40. Kalula SZ, Ferreira M, Swingler GH, Badri M. Risk factors for falls in older adults in a South African Urban Community. BMC Geriatr. 2016;16(1):51.

41. Kamel MH, Abdulmajeed AA, Ismail SE-S. Risk factors of falls among elderly living in Urban Suez-Egypt. Pan Afr Med J. 2013;14(1).

42. Ambrose AF, Paul G, Hausdorff JM. Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature. Maturitas. 2013;75(1):51–61. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.009 23523272

43. De Jong MR, Van der Elst M, Hartholt KA. Drug-related falls in older patients: implicated drugs, consequences, and possible prevention strategies. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2013;4(4):147–54. doi: 10.1177/2042098613486829 25114778

44. Richardson K, Bennett K, Kenny RA. Polypharmacy including falls risk-increasing medications and subsequent falls in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Age Ageing. 2014;44(1):90–6. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afu141 25313240

45. Bruce J, Lall R, Withers EJ, Finnegan S, Underwood M, Hulme C, et al. A cluster randomised controlled trial of advice, exercise or multifactorial assessment to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults: protocol for the prevention of falls injury trial (PreFIT). BMJ Open. 2016;6(1):e009362. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009362 26781504


Článek vyšel v časopise

PLOS One


2019 Číslo 9
Nejčtenější tento týden
Nejčtenější v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvyšte si kvalifikaci online z pohodlí domova

Svět praktické medicíny 1/2024 (znalostní test z časopisu)
nový kurz

Koncepce osteologické péče pro gynekology a praktické lékaře
Autoři: MUDr. František Šenk

Sekvenční léčba schizofrenie
Autoři: MUDr. Jana Hořínková

Hypertenze a hypercholesterolémie – synergický efekt léčby
Autoři: prof. MUDr. Hana Rosolová, DrSc.

Význam metforminu pro „udržitelnou“ terapii diabetu
Autoři: prof. MUDr. Milan Kvapil, CSc., MBA

Všechny kurzy
Kurzy Podcasty Doporučená témata Časopisy
Přihlášení
Zapomenuté heslo

Zadejte e-mailovou adresu, se kterou jste vytvářel(a) účet, budou Vám na ni zaslány informace k nastavení nového hesla.

Přihlášení

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte se

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#